An AI model similar to ChatGPT was combined with fMRI readings to non-invasively decode continuous language from subjects, a new study reports.
Category: innovation – Page 78
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AUSTIN, Texas — Researchers behind discoveries that led to vaccines for the virus that causes COVID-19 have identified a potential Achilles heel that exists in all coronaviruses. These findings, led by researchers at The University of Texas at Austin, could aid the development of improved treatments for COVID-19 and also protect against existing and emerging coronaviruses.
Most vaccines and antibody-based treatments for COVID-19 neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus by disrupting interactions between the protein spike on the virus and the ACE2 receptor on human cells, which the virus hijacks to gain entry. But mutations in the spike protein mean that emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 can escape the human antibody response, making treatments less effective and leading to vaccinated individuals still experiencing breakthrough infections. The researchers are addressing the issue by focusing on parts of the spike protein that are crucial for the virus’s survival and don’t mutate.
The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is made up of two subunits – called S1 and S2. The S1 subunit binds to the ACE2 receptor, while the S2 subunit allows the virus to fuse with the membrane of the cell it is gaining access to. Most mutations in the spike protein affect its S1 subunit, but the S2 part is relatively constant across all seven human coronaviruses, making it a prime target for therapeutic antibodies and vaccines.
In a new breakthrough, researchers at the University of Copenhagen, in collaboration with Ruhr University Bochum, have solved a problem that has caused quantum researchers headaches for years. The researchers can now control two quantum light sources rather than one. Trivial as it may seem to those uninitiated in quantum, this colossal breakthrough allows researchers to create a phenomenon known as quantum mechanical entanglement. This in turn, opens new doors for companies and others to exploit the technology commercially.
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Ensuring proper funding level and visibility was another challenge. To provide the necessary resources, we included executive sponsors on the boards of satellite organizations, which offered better visibility and support for innovation projects. Finally, we faced the challenge of process alignment to maintain agility while ensuring safety. As a result, we defined the minimum required processes to guarantee safety as a top priority during developments, allowing satellite organizations to remain agile without compromising safety standards.
By addressing these and other challenges, we were able to determine the appropriate balance between autonomy and oversight for our organization. Our successful model involves a mix of internal and external talent, strong alignment between corporate and satellite strategies, and ongoing investment in innovative projects. We measure success using specific metrics such as project completion rates, knowledge and employee transfer efficiency, and the value of innovations returned to the parent corporation.
The hybrid innovation model represents a groundbreaking approach for corporations looking to harness the benefits of both the corporate and startup worlds. Corporations can foster an agile and dynamic environment that attracts top talent and facilitates rapid development and testing of new ideas. Although there are challenges to implementing this model, the potential benefits make it an attractive option for corporations seeking to drive innovation and growth in today’s fast-paced business environment.
Use terahertz frequency communication and achieve ultra-fast communication.
Researchers at the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Second Institute have achieved a breakthrough in next-generation 6G communication by conducting the first real-time wireless transmission, the South China Morning Post.
6G, short for the sixth generation cellular network, is the next frontier of telecommunications which promises more reliable and faster communication than any of the existing technologies.
Black_Kira/iStock.
Plants that glow under ultraviolet (UV) light aren’t just inventions of science fiction TV and movies. Roots of a traditional medicine plant called the orange climber, or Toddalia asiatica, can fluoresce an ethereal blue hue. And now, researchers have identified two coumarin molecules that could be responsible. These natural coumarins have unique fluorescent properties, and one of the compounds could someday be used for medical imaging. Their study is published in ACS Central Science.
Fluorescent substances take in UV light that is directed on them and release vibrantly colored visible light. And some glow even more brightly when they are close together, a phenomenon seen in compounds called aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens). They are key components in some optical devices, cellular imaging techniques and environmental sensors. However, these molecules are usually made in a lab, and many are toxic. Some plants already have this ability, so, Ben Zhong Tang, Zheng Zhao, Xiao-Dong Luo and colleagues turned to nature to find naturally occurring and safer AIEgens.
The researchers dried orange climber roots, crushed them into a powder, and then isolated and identified coumarin compounds with aggregation-induced emission properties: 5-methoxyseselin (5-MOS) and 6-methoxyseselin (6-MOS). When dissolved in an organic solvent, 5-MOS exhibited a blue-green glow and 6-MOS had a slightly dimmer blue glow. In addition, both AIEgens had low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility.
Scientists have begun using artificial intelligence to help them communicate with animals — and they’re starting small with bats and bees.
AI allows humans to use breakthrough techniques to decode and observe how animals communicate so we can try to speak back to them.
Scientific American spoke with Professor Karen Bakker who is the author of the new book The Sounds of Life: How Digital Technology Is Bringing Us Closer to the Worlds of Animals and Plant.
Japanese inventor Hideyasu Ito’s hovercraft invention went viral after British YouTube creator Tom Scott featured it in a video in early April.
One of the most difficult issues in space exploration is extending the lifespan of satellites. Even if the satellite’s system is operational, it can run out of fuel and become defunct.
Enter Orbit Fab. This startup is working on an innovative solution to make satellites reusable by developing gas stations in space to refuel them. We had written about them in 2021.