At the Large Hadron Collider, scientists from the University of Kansas achieved a fleeting form of modern-day alchemy — turning lead into gold for just a fraction of a second. Using ultra-peripheral collisions, where ions nearly miss but interact through powerful photon exchanges, they managed to knock protons out of nuclei, creating new, short-lived elements. This breakthrough not only grabbed global attention but could help design safer, more advanced particle accelerators of the future.
NVIDIA and OpenAI began pushing the boundaries of AI with the launch of NVIDIA DGX back in 2016. The collaborative AI innovation continues with the OpenAI gpt-oss-20b and gpt-oss-120b launch. NVIDIA has optimized both new open-weight models for accelerated inference performance on NVIDIA Blackwell architecture, delivering up to 1.5 million tokens per second (TPS) on an NVIDIA GB200 NVL72 system.
The gpt-oss models are text-reasoning LLMs with chain-of-thought and tool-calling capabilities using the popular mixture of experts (MoE) architecture with SwigGLU activations. The attention layers use RoPE with 128k context, alternating between full context and a sliding 128-token window. The models are released in FP4 precision, which fits on a single 80 GB data center GPU and is natively supported by Blackwell.
The models were trained on NVIDIA H100 Tensor Core GPUs, with gpt-oss-120b requiring over 2.1 million hours and gpt-oss-20b about 10x less. NVIDIA worked with several top open-source frameworks such as Hugging Face Transformers, Ollama, and vLLM, in addition to NVIDIA TensorRT-LLM for optimized kernels and model enhancements. This blog post showcases how NVIDIA has integrated gpt-oss across the software platform to meet developers’ needs.
A new breakthrough from the Zhang Lab at Boston University is making waves in the world of sound control.
Led by Professor Xin Zhang (ME, ECE, BME, MSE), the team has published a new paper in Scientific Reports titled “Phase gradient ultra open metamaterials for broadband acoustic silencing.”
The article marks a major advance in their long-running Acoustic Metamaterial Silencer project.
Researchers at RMIT University in Australia have developed a new form of titanium for 3D printing that costs approximately 33% less than the titanium alloys currently in widespread use.
Replacing expensive elements
The researchers substituted vanadium, which has become increasingly costly, with more affordable and widely available alternative elements.
Research from an international team finds that the human gut is a site of rapid change, with recent and important deviations from other mammals, including our closest living relative, the chimpanzee.
Led by Gray Camp, Ph.D., of Roche Innovation Center in Basel, Switzerland; Jason Spence, Ph.D., of the University of Michigan and Craig Lowe, Ph.D., of Duke University, the team used stem cells to create human, chimp and mouse intestinal organoids—tiny models of the intestine that offer an unprecedented glimpse into the development of the small intestine.
The work was published in the journal Science.
The 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Carolyn Bertozzi, K. Barry Sharpless, and Morten Meldal for pioneering the development of “click chemistry.” The trio will share a prize amounting to ten million Swedish kronor, approximately 925,000 euros.