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Category: information science – Page 219

I like this idea. I don’t want AI to be a black box, I want to know what’s happening and how its doing it.

The field of artificial intelligence has created computers that can drive cars, synthesize chemical compounds, fold proteins, and detect high-energy particles at a superhuman level.

However, these AI algorithms cannot explain the thought processes behind their decisions. A computer that masters protein folding and also tells researchers more about the rules of biology is much more useful than a computer that folds proteins without explanation.

Therefore, AI researchers like me are now turning our efforts toward developing AI algorithms that can explain themselves in a manner that humans can understand. If we can do this, I believe that AI will be able to uncover and teach people new facts about the world that have not yet been discovered, leading to new innovations.

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Samsung’s memory technology innovates artificial intelligence and Big Data analytics to bring impactful change to the way we live, work, and interact with each other. Through next-generation memory technology that enables faster and more complex tasks in AI and Big Data, Samsung takes part in the revolutionary advancement of technology that is enriching our everyday lives.

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Oneskin — the first skin cream that destroys senescent cells:

Longevity, Health, Long Lifespans, and Halthspans, Psychology, Spirituality — I and Carolina Reis Oliveira talk about all these things in relation to the skin. Find out how you can have very healthy skin with OneSkin!

Visit OneSkin’s website — https://www.oneskin.co/

0:00 — Logo & Title.
0:17 — H! & Intro.
1:40 — Presentation.
2:20 — Presentation | Skin Health — Longevity.
3:57 — Presentation | The Root Cause of Aging.
4:46 — Presentation | Senescent Cells.
5:49 — Presentation | Current solutions.
6:32 — Presentation | OneSkin Approach.
7:47 — Presentation | Let’s Dive Deeper into the Science.
9:51 — Presentation | Replicating Skin Aging.
11:42 — Presentation | Developing an Algorithm to Measure Skin Aging.
12:58 — Presentation | A Drug Discovery Process.
14:23 — Presentation | Senotherapeutic Compounds.
15:00 — Presentation | OS1
15:42 — Presentation | OS1 & UVB Radiation.
17:13 — Presentation | OS1 — Validate effects in 3D models.
19:33 — Presentation | OS1 — Treatment in Skin Biopsies.
20:55 — Presentation | OS1 — Safety.
21:43 — Presentation | OS1 — Clinical Study Results.
23:18 — Presentation | OS1 — Applications Beyond Skin.
26:14 — Presentation | Team.
28:07 — Q&A + the Conversation.
28:25 — Futuristic Psychology & Spirituality.
31:34 — Myths Regarding Immortality.
34:20 — The Collective Rejuvenation.
37:10 — Biologic Hygiene.
41:56 — Cellular Senescence.
46:00 — The Molecular Clock.
48:04 — Morphogenesis of a Scar.
51:15 — Differences Between Skin Types on a Body.
52:35 — Skin Types Regarding Different Races.
54:44 — Skin Conditions.
56:03 — Closing & Ending

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A new algorithm capable of inferring goals and plans could help machines better adapt to the imperfect nature of human planning.

In a classic experiment on human social intelligence by psychologists Felix Warneken and Michael Tomasello (see video below), an 18-month old toddler watches a man carry a stack of books towards an unopened cabinet. When the man reaches the cabinet, he clumsily bangs the books against the door of the cabinet several times, then makes a puzzled noise.

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Researchers at Osaka City University use quantum superposition states and Bayesian inference to create a quantum algorithm, easily executable on quantum computers, that accurately and directly calculates energy differences between the electronic ground and excited spin states of molecular systems in polynomial time.

Understanding how the natural world works enables us to mimic it for the benefit of humankind. Think of how much we rely on batteries. At the core is understanding molecular structures and the behavior of electrons within them. Calculating the energy differences between a molecule’s electronic ground and excited spin states helps us understand how to better use that molecule in a variety of chemical, biomedical and industrial applications. We have made much progress in molecules with closed-shell systems, in which electrons are paired up and stable. Open-shell systems, on the other hand, are less stable and their underlying electronic behavior is complex, and thus more difficult to understand. They have unpaired electrons in their ground state, which cause their energy to vary due to the intrinsic nature of electron spins, and makes measurements difficult, especially as the molecules increase in size and complexity.

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Weird, right?

The team’s critical insight was to construct a “viral language” of sorts, based purely on its genetic sequences. This language, if given sufficient examples, can then be analyzed using NLP techniques to predict how changes to its genome alter its interaction with our immune system. That is, using artificial language techniques, it may be possible to hunt down key areas in a viral genome that, when mutated, allow it to escape roaming antibodies.

It’s a seriously kooky idea. Yet when tested on some of our greatest viral foes, like influenza (the seasonal flu), HIV, and SARS-CoV-2, the algorithm was able to discern critical mutations that “transform” each virus just enough to escape the grasp of our immune surveillance system.

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Artificial intelligence and machine learning are already an integral part of our everyday lives online. For example, search engines such as Google use intelligent ranking algorithms, and video streaming services such as Netflix use machine learning to personalize movie recommendations.

As the demands for AI online continue to grow, so does the need to speed up AI performance and find ways to reduce its energy consumption.

Now a University of Washington-led team has come up with a system that could help: an core prototype that uses phase-change material. This system is fast, energy efficient and capable of accelerating the used in AI and . The technology is also scalable and directly applicable to cloud computing.

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The maker of a defunct cloud photo storage app that pivoted to selling facial recognition services has been ordered to delete user data and any algorithms trained on it, under the terms of an FTC settlement.

The regulator investigated complaints the Ever app — which gained earlier notoriety for using dark patterns to spam users’ contacts — had applied facial recognition to users’ photographs without properly informing them what it was doing with their selfies.

Under the proposed settlement, Ever must delete photos and videos of users who deactivated their accounts and also delete all face embeddings (i.e. data related to facial features which can be used for facial recognition purposes) that it derived from photos of users who did not give express consent to such a use.

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Two researchers at Duke University have recently devised a useful approach to examine how essential certain variables are for increasing the reliability/accuracy of predictive models. Their paper, published in Nature Machine Intelligence, could ultimately aid the development of more reliable and better performing machine-learning algorithms for a variety of applications.

“Most people pick a predictive machine-learning technique and examine which variables are important or relevant to its predictions afterwards,” Jiayun Dong, one of the researchers who carried out the study, told TechXplore. “What if there were two models that had similar performance but used wildly different variables? If that was the case, an analyst could make a mistake and think that one variable is important, when in fact, there is a different, equally good model for which a totally different set of variables is important.”

Dong and his colleague Cynthia Rudin introduced a method that researchers can use to examine the importance of variables for a variety of almost-optimal predictive models. This approach, which they refer to as “variable importance clouds,” could be used to gain a better understanding of machine-learning models before selecting the most promising to complete a given task.

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The French theoretical physicist Franck Laloë presents a modification of Schrödinger’s famous equation that ensures that all measured states are unique, helping to solve the problem that is neatly encompassed in the Schördinger’s cat paradox.

The paradox of Schrödinger’s cat – the feline that is, famously, both alive and dead until its box is opened – is the most widely known example of a recurrent problem in quantum mechanics: its dynamics seems to predict that macroscopic objects (like cats) can, sometimes, exist simultaneously in more than one completely distinct state. Many physicists have tried to solve this paradox over the years, but no approach has been universally accepted. Now, however, theoretical physicist Franck Laloë from Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (ENS-Université PSL) in Paris has proposed a new interpretation that could explain many features of the paradox. He sets out a model of this possible theory in a new paper in EPJ D.

One approach to solving this problem involves adding a small, random extra term to the Schrödinger equation, which allows the quantum state vector to ‘collapse’, ensuring that – as is observed in the macroscopic universe – the outcome of each measurement is unique. Laloë’s theory combines this interpretation with another from de Broglie and Bohm and relates the origins of the quantum collapse to the universal gravitational field. This approach can be applied equally to all objects, quantum and macroscopic: that is, to cats as much as to atoms.

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