Different plant species can be compatible with the same species of mycorrhizal fungi1,2 and be connected to one another by a common mycelium3,4. Transfer of carbon3,4,5, nitrogen6,7 and phosphorus8,9 through interconnecting mycelia has been measured frequently in laboratory experiments, but it is not known whether transfer is bidirectional, whether there is a net gain by one plant over its connected partner, or whether transfer affects plant performance in the field10,11. Laboratory studies using isotope tracers show that the magnitude of one-way transfer can be influenced by shading of ‘receiver’ plants3,5, fertilization of ‘donor’ plants with phosphorus12, or use of nitrogen-fixing donor plants and non-nitrogen-fixing receiver plants13,14, indicating that movement may be governed by source–sink relationships.

Blog post: https://openai.com/blog/new-and-improved-embedding-model/
Abstract: We are excited to announce a new embedding model which is significantly more capable, cost effective, and simpler to use. The new model, text-embedding-ada-002, replaces five separate models for text search, text similarity, and code search, and outperforms our previous most capable model, Davinci, at most tasks, while being priced 99.8% lower.

#nlproc #nlp #artificialintelligence #ml #deeplearning

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Summary: A bee’s “waggle dance”, an intricate series of motions that signals the location of critical resources to other bees, is improved by social learning and can be culturally transmitted.

Source: UCSD

Passing down shared knowledge from one generation to the next is a hallmark of culture and allows animals to rapidly adapt to a changing environment.

FallenKingdomReads’ Beginner’s Guide to The Dark Tower by Stephen King

The Dark Tower is a series of novels written by the American author Stephen King. The series is a blend of several genres, including dark fantasy, horror, and western. The series follows the journey of the protagonist, Roland Deschain, as he seeks the Dark Tower, a mythical structure that is said to be the center of all universes.

In the Saudi Arabian desert, the Al Naslaa rock formation looks completely unnatural. Its perfectly vertical split remains a mystery.

Their popularity makes celebrities easy to spot. Strangers, however, can also get mistaken for celebrities, resulting in cases of false “celebrity sightings.” In attempting to explain the contradiction, a University of California, Riverside, study reports that celebrity faces are remembered more precisely but less accurately.

Precision, in this context, refers to how memories for a particular face resemble each other over repeated memory retrievals, which can be likened to the clustering of arrows on a target in archery. Accuracy measures how remembered faces resemble newly encountered faces—or the deviation from the target in archery.

“What our findings say is that people might accept errors by misidentifying someone as a celebrity in the interest of securing a ‘celebrity sighting,’” said Weiwei Zhang, an associate professor of psychology, who led the study that appears in the journal Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. “Our study explains why people are good and bad at spotting celebrities and highlights the importance of assessing both memory imprecision and bias in memory performance.”

FallenKingdomReads’ list of 7 Hard Science Fiction Books That Will Make You Smarter.

Hard science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction that prioritizes scientific accuracy and explores scientific concepts in depth. These books often require a solid understanding of scientific principles and can be a great way to learn about complex scientific concepts in an engaging and accessible way.

Here are seven hard science fiction books that will make you smarter.