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Black Holes are often considered the greatest dangers to spaceships in science fiction, but they may turn out to be the perfect power source for future spaceships.

Check out PBS Spacetime’s episode on Hawking Radiation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPKj0YnKANw.
Toth’s Black Hole Calculator: https://www.vttoth.com/CMS/physics-notes/311-hawking-radiation-calculator.
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Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: Episode’s Audio-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/black-hole-ships.
Episode’s Narration-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/black-hole-ships-narration-only.

Credits:
Generation Ships: Black Hole Ships.
Episode 184, Season 5 E18

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We can model the motions of planets in the Solar System quite accurately using Newton’s laws of physics. But in the early 1970s, scientists noticed that this didn’t work for disk galaxies —stars at their outer edges, far from the gravitational force of all the matter at their center—were moving much faster than Newton’s theory predicted.

This made physicists propose that an invisible substance called “dark ” was providing extra gravitational pull, causing the stars to speed up—a that’s become hugely popular. However, in a recent review my colleagues and I suggest that observations across a vast range of scales are much better explained in an alternative theory of gravity proposed by Israeli physicist Mordehai Milgrom in 1982 called Milgromian dynamics or Mond —requiring no invisible matter.

Mond’s main postulate is that when gravity becomes very weak, as occurs at the edge of galaxies, it starts behaving differently from Newtonian physics. In this way, it is possible to explain why stars, planets and gas in the outskirts of over 150 galaxies rotate faster than expected based on just their visible mass. But Mond doesn’t merely explain such rotation curves, in many cases, it predicts them.

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Black Holes are often considered the most dangerous objects in the Universe, especially in science fiction, and today we’ll look at how these may be used as weapons in future warfare.

Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net.
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Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: Episode’s Audio-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/weaponizing-black-holes.
Episode’s Narration-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/weaponizing-bl…ation-only.

Credits:
Weaponizing Black Holes.
Episode 190, Season 5 E24

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We have developed a new method to look for carbon compounds in space, akin to prospecting for oil on Earth. Our method is published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Between the stars lie vast amounts of interstellar gas and , spread thinly throughout our galaxy. The dust can contain compounds of carbon. When it does we call it carbonaceous interstellar dust. This is an important reservoir for the in space. The continual cycle of material between the stars and the gas in the interstellar medium in our galaxy leads to the delivery of organic molecules to newly forming planetary systems.

A special sub-class of organic molecules called prebiotic molecules are thought to play a major role in the formation of life on Earth. Such prebiotic molecules are likely preserved in carbonaceous interstellar dust that are gathered together in planetesimals, in an early stage of planetary formation. The in such environments may determine the planet’s hospitality to the formation of life there. Therefore, it is important to understand the life cycle of carbonaceous interstellar dust to study this possibility further.

How they derive from General Relativity, the various different types and theories, and some under-considered uses of wormholes. We’ll also discuss some myths and misunderstandings of the concept.

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Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud:
https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/ftl04-wormholes.

Cover Art by Jakub Grygier:
https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier.

Matt Visser’s 1989 paper “Traversable wormholes: Some simple examples”:
https://arxiv.org/abs/0809.