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Category: computing – Page 39

For decades, the realm of particle physics has been governed by two major categories: fermions and bosons. Fermions, like quarks and leptons, make up matter, while bosons, such as photons and gluons, act as force carriers. These classifications have long been thought to be the limits of particle behavior. However, a breakthrough has recently changed this understanding.

Researchers have mathematically proven the existence of paraparticles, a theoretical type of particle that doesn’t fit neatly into the traditional fermion or boson categories. These exotic particles were once deemed impossible, defying the conventional laws of physics. Now, thanks to advanced mathematical equations, scientists have demonstrated that paraparticles can exist without violating known physical constraints.

The implications of this discovery could be far-reaching, especially in areas like quantum computing. Paraparticles could offer new possibilities in how we understand the universe at its most fundamental level. While the discovery is still in its early stages, it provides a new tool for physicists to explore more complex systems, potentially unlocking new technologies in the future.

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A landmark development led by researchers from the University of Glasgow could help create a new generation of diamond-based transistors for use in high-power electronics.

Their new diamond transistor overcomes the limitations of previous developments in the technology to create a much closer to being of practical use across a range of industries that rely on high power systems.

The team have found a new way to use diamond as the basis of a transistor that remains switched off by default—a development crucial for ensuring safety in devices that carry a large amount of electrical current when switched on.

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A team of engineers, physicists and computer specialists at Canadian company, Xanadu Quantum Technologies Inc., has unveiled what they describe as the world’s first scalable, connected, photonic quantum computer prototype.

In their paper published in the journal Nature, the group describes how they designed and built their modularized quantum computer, and how it can be easily scaled to virtually any desired size.

As scientists around the world continue to work toward the development of a truly useful quantum computer, makers of such machines continue to come up with design ideas. In this new effort, the research team built a quantum computer based on a . Their idea was to build a single basic box using just a few qubits for the simplest of applications. As the need arises, another box can be added, then another and another—with all the boxes working together like a network, as a single computer.

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QUT researchers are part of an international group who have explored ways in which organic transistors are being developed for use as wearable health sensors.

The currently available bioelectronic devices, such as pacemakers, that can be embedded with the are mostly based on rigid components.

However, the next-generation devices—which are researched and developed by bioelectronic engineers, , and materials scientists—will use soft organic materials that allow comfortable wearability as well as efficient monitoring of health.

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Organic n-and p-type vertical transistors, with considerably shorter channel lengths than their planar counterparts, can be used to create complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)-like inverters and ring oscillators that operate in the megahertz frequency range.

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Skyrmions are nanometer-to micrometer-sized magnetic whirls that exhibit particle-like properties and can be moved efficiently by electrical currents. These properties make skyrmions an excellent system for new types of data storage or computers. However, for the optimization of such devices, it is usually too computationally expensive to simulate the complicated internal structure of the skyrmions.

One possible approach is the efficient simulation of these magnetic spin structures as particles, similar to the simulation of molecules in biophysics. Until now, however, there has been no conversion between time and experimental real time.

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A research team from Skoltech and ITMO university has obtained tunable polariton emission at room temperature on CsPbBr3 perovskite crystals as a promising platform for integration into lateral microchips—a new concept for the integrated all-optical logic that Skoltech researchers are working on.

The research results are presented in the Advanced Optical Materials journal.

Exciton-polaritons are hybridized states of light and matter, which are formed as a result of strong interaction of optical modes of microcavity—photons—with elementary excitations of a material—excitons.

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The role of electrons and their negative charge in electric current is well established. Electrons also exhibit other intrinsic properties that are associated, for example, with considerable potential for enhancing data storage devices: the electron’s spin or magnetic moment.

To date, however, the selection of specific spins has been challenging. It has been difficult to single out only those electrons with an up-direction of spin, for example. One way of doing this would be to pass a current through a ferromagnet, such as iron. This would result in the generation of a current in which the aligns with the direction of the magnetic field.

The alternative option of inducing a current in chiral molecules, i.e., molecules that have no superimposable mirror images, such as helix structures, has been discussed over the past decade. The result is spin polarization of approximately 60–70%, a level similar to that achieved in ferromagnetic materials. However, this approach remains a subject of ongoing debate and research.

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