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NASA lays off 550 employees at Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Approximately 550 employees of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) will be laid off, according to an announcement made on the agency’s website on Monday (Oct. 13).

The news comes in the midst of an ongoing U.S. government shutdown and the looming threat of the single largest funding reduction in NASA’s 66-year history. Due to those potential cuts, NASA has been forced to reshape many of its science and space exploration efforts. However, NASA has stated this latest wave of layoffs are unrelated to the government shutdown that has seen over 15,000 federal employees furloughed and is, rather, part of an agency-wide “reorganization” that began in June.

New Alzheimer’s Treatment Clears Plaques From Brains of Mice Within Hours

Scientists have repaired a natural gateway into the brains of mice, allowing the clumps and tangles associated with Alzheimer’s disease to be swept away.

After just three drug injections, mice with certain genes that mimic Alzheimer’s showed a reversal of several key pathological features.

Within hours of the first injection, the animal brains showed a nearly 45 percent reduction in clumps of amyloid-beta plaques, a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease.

TSMC Announces the Intent to Rapidly Expand U.S. Operations, Introducing Cutting-Edge 2nm Chips With New Facilities in Arizona

TSMC plans to scale up its operations in America at a rapid pace, as announced during the recent earnings call, including the acquisition of a second piece of land to expand the Arizona fabs.

The Taiwan giant is currently witnessing extraordinary demand for its chip production in the US, mainly driven by AI and how clients like NVIDIA, AMD, and Apple are pursuing manufacturing in America. TSMC is the primary supplier of cutting-edge semiconductors in the US, with the Arizona facilities mass-producing the 4nm process at the time of reporting. However, at the Q3 earnings call, TSMC’s CEO expressed the intention to bring N2 and beyond technologies to the US, and also announced plans to secure a second piece of land to expand the Arizona facilities.

We are making tangible progress and executing well to our plan. In addition, we are preparing to upgrade our technologies faster to N2 and more advanced process technologies in Arizona, given the strong AI related demand from our customers.

Longevity gene from supercentenarians offers hope for disease that causes rapid aging in children

A new breakthrough in a rare genetic disease which causes children to age rapidly has been discovered using ‘longevity genes’ found in people who live exceptionally long lives—over 100 years old. The research, by the University of Bristol and IRCCS MultiMedica, found these genes which help keep the heart and blood vessels healthy during aging could reverse the damage caused by this life-limiting disease.

This is the first study, published in Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, to show that a gene from long-lived people can slow down heart aging in a model. Also known as Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), progeria is a rare, fatal genetic condition of “rapid-aging” in children.

HGPS is caused by a mutation in the LMNA gene, which leads to the production of a toxic protein called progerin. Most affected individuals die in their teens due to heart problems, although a few, like Sammy Basso, the oldest known person with progeria, have lived longer. Sadly, late last year at the age of 28, Sammy passed away.

Researchers Discover the Cell’s Secret Anti-Aging Mechanism

Activating lysosome biogenesis helps alleviate cellular senescence in progeria. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic condition that causes rapid aging and a range of visible and internal symptoms. Individuals with HGPS often experience early skin wrinkling, reduced skin ela

Bioelectronic-integrated artificial colon eliminates need for animal testing

Researchers at the University of California, Irvine have developed a 3D human colon model integrated with bioelectronics to aid in colorectal cancer research and drug discovery. The “3D in vivo mimicking human colon” enables precision, personalized medicine and offers a more ethical, accurate and cost-effective alternative to traditional animal testing.

In a paper published recently in the journal Advanced Science, researchers in UC Irvine’s Samueli School of Engineering outline their creation of an approximately 5-by-10-millimeter replica that incorporates essential structural features of a colon, including liminal curvature, multilayered cellular organization and the spontaneous formation of cryptlike indentations.

“The three-dimensional shapes, curves and crypts in our 3D-IVM-HC model are central to maintaining more realistic cell behavior even at a scaled-down size,” said senior author Rahim Esfandyar-pour, UC Irvine assistant professor of electrical engineering and computer science.

First major trial of AI in breast cancer screening launches in the USA

A study led by Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, part of University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (FL, USA) seeks to understand how AI can improve breast cancer screening. The Pragmatic Randomized Trial of Artificial Intelligence for Screening Mammography (PRISM) trial will examine hundreds of thousands of mammograms to “assess AI’s true impact”

Despite huge investments in research, breast cancer remains a leading cause of mortality in US women. Routine mammography has increased the diagnosis of early-stage cancer, but the increased incidence of false positives can lead to unnecessary testing, anxiety and higher costs.

“As the first major randomized trial of AI in breast cancer screening in the US, this study represents a pivotal step,” commented Jose Net, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and co-principal investigator of the study. “Our goal is to rigorously and objectively assess AI’s impact, identifying who benefits and who may not.”

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