New James Webb Space Telescope results have revealed that there may not be a Hubble tension after all. But contradictions within the findings point to a deeper mystery.
New James Webb Space Telescope observations may have done with one of the longest-standing tensions in cosmology.
For almost a decade, astronomers have been struggling with a nagging mismatch between two different ways of determining the Hubble constant — a measure of the current expansion rate of the universe. This mismatch, known as the Hubble tension, has led to claims that new physics might be needed to solve the issue. (Read about the “constant controversy” in the June 2019 issue of Sky & Telescope.)
But a detailed analysis of a new set of James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations now suggests that the problem may not exist. “As Carl Sagan said, extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence,” says Wendy Freedman (University of Chicago), “and I don’t see extraordinary evidence.”
Researchers at Leibniz University Hannover have developed a technology for transmitting entangled photons through optical fibers, which could enable the integration of quantum and conventional internet, promising enhanced security and efficient use of existing infrastructure.
A team of four researchers from the Institute of Photonics at Leibniz University Hannover has developed an innovative transmitter-receiver system for transmitting entangled photons via optical fiber.
This breakthrough could enable the next generation of telecommunications technology, the quantum Internet, to be routed via optical fibers. The quantum Internet promises eavesdropping-proof encryption methods that even future quantum computers cannot decrypt, ensuring the security of critical infrastructure.
Popular Summary.
Remote entanglement is crucial for quantum computing, sensing, and communication. Traditional methods for entanglement generation often depend on direct interactions between quantum bits (qubits) or the exchange of entangled photons. In this study, we demonstrate an alternative approach, where we create and preserve entanglement between two noninteracting qubits through dissipation into a shared waveguide.
While dissipation is typically viewed as detrimental, tailored dissipation can be harnessed to drive a system into complex quantum states while actively protecting it from decoherence. This approach, known as autonomous stabilization, has been previously used to create entanglement. However, entanglement stabilization has been confined to short distances due to the challenge of engineering shared dissipation between remote sites. Our experiment overcomes this challenge by employing an open waveguide as a one-dimensional photonic bath. We demonstrate that, under appropriate conditions, the interference of photons emitted into a waveguide from two qubits can stabilize them in an entangled stationary state when the qubits are strongly driven. Crucially, we can reconstruct the entangled state despite significant waveguide-induced dissipation by measuring the emitted photons. Our demonstration is made possible by precise control over qubit frequencies and efficient qubit-waveguide interfaces in superconducting circuits.
Eminent physicists assemble to discuss quantum enigmas.
John von Neumann, John Wheeler, Hans Bethe, Robert Serber, Robert Marshak, Abraham Pais, J. Robert Oppenheimer, David Bohm, and Richard Feynman at the Shelter Island Conference of 1947:
Aimée Parker shares how her childlike curiosity and collaborative spirit motivate her scientific pursuits.
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A team led by scientists at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory identified and successfully demonstrated a new method to process a plant-based material called nanocellulose that reduced energy needs by a whopping 21%. The approach was discovered using molecular simulations run on the lab’s supercomputers, followed by pilot testing and analysis.
The method, leveraging a solvent of sodium hydroxide and urea in water, can significantly lower the production cost of nanocellulosic fiber — a strong, lightweight biomaterial ideal as a composite for 3D-printing structures such as sustainable housing and vehicle assemblies. The findings support the development of a circular bioeconomy in which renewable, biodegradable materials replace petroleum-based resources, decarbonizing the economy and reducing waste.
Colleagues at ORNL, the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and the University of Maine’s Process Development Center collaborated on the project that targets a more efficient method of producing a highly desirable material. Nanocellulose is a form of the natural polymer cellulose found in plant cell walls that is up to eight times stronger than steel.
Astronomers capture rare black hole awakening, witnessing a galaxy’s core flare up in real-time.
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