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New findings in Nature reveal how age-related gut changes fuel the growth of pre-leukemic blood cells. Scientists at Cincinnati Children’s along with an international team of researchers have discovered a surprising new connection between gut health and blood cancer risk — one that could transform how we think about aging, inflammation, and the early stages of leukemia.

As we grow older — or in some cases, when gut health is compromised by disease — changes in the intestinal lining allow certain bacteria to leak their byproducts into the bloodstream. One such molecule, produced by specific bacteria, acts as a signal that accelerates the expansion of dormant, pre-leukemic blood cells, a critical step to developing full-blown leukemia.

The team’s findings — published April 23, 2025, in the journal Nature — lay out for the first time how this process works. The study also suggests that this mechanism may reach beyond leukemia to influence risk for other diseases and among older people who share a little-known condition called clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP).

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On this mind-bending episode of Impact Theory, Tom Bilyeu sits down with Ben Lamm, the visionary entrepreneur behind Colossal Biosciences, to explore a world that sounds straight out of science fiction—yet is rapidly becoming our reality. Together, they pull back the curtain on the groundbreaking technology making de-extinction not only possible, but increasingly practical, from resurrecting woolly mammoths and dire wolves to saving endangered species and unraveling the secrets of longevity.

Ben explains how CRISPR gene editing has unlocked the power to make precise DNA changes—editing multiple genes simultaneously, synthesizing entirely new genetic blocks, and pushing the limits of what’s possible in biology and conservation. The conversation dives deep into the technical hurdles, ethical questions, and the unexpected magic of re-engineering life itself, whether it’s creating hairier, “woolly” mice or tackling the colossal challenge of artificial wombs and universal eggs.

But this episode goes way beyond Jurassic Park fantasies. Tom and Ben debate the future of human health, gene selection through IVF, the specter of eugenics, global competition in biotechnology, and how AI will soon supercharge the pace of biological engineering. They even touch on revolutionary solutions to our plastic crisis and what it means to inspire the next generation of scientists.

Get ready to have your mind expanded. This is not just a podcast about bringing back extinct creatures—it’s a deep dive into the next frontiers of life on Earth, the technologies changing everything, and the choices we’ll face as architects of our own biology. Let’s get legendary.

00:00 Meet Ben Lamm.

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At AI Ascent 2025, Jeff Dean makes a bold prediction: we will have AI systems operating at the level of junior engineers within a year. Discover how the pioneer behind Google’s TPUs and foundational AI research sees the technology evolving, from specialized hardware to more organic, brain-inspired systems.

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EPFL researchers have discovered key “units” in large AI models that seem to be important for language, mirroring the brain’s language system. When these specific units were turned off, the models got much worse at language tasks.

Large language models (LLMs) are not just good at understanding and using language, they can also reason or think logically, solve problems and some can even predict the thoughts, beliefs or emotions of people they interact with.

Despite these impressive feats, we still don’t fully understand how LLMs work “under the hood,” particularly when it comes to how different units or modules perform different tasks. So, researchers in the NeuroAI Laboratory, part of both the School of Computer and Communication Sciences (IC) and the School of Life Sciences (SV), and the Natural Language Processing Laboratory (IC), wanted to find out whether LLMs have specialized units or modules that do specific jobs. This is inspired by networks that have been discovered in , such as the Language Network, Multiple Demand Network and Theory of Mind network.

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A multi-institutional collaboration of synthetic biology research centers in China has developed a genetically engineered strain of Vibrio natriegens capable of bioremediating complex organic pollutants, including biphenyl, phenol, naphthalene, dibenzofuran, and toluene, in saline wastewater and soils.

Complex are prevalent in industrial wastewater generated by petroleum refining and chlor-alkali processing. Due to their and resistance to natural degradation, these compounds persist in marine and saline environments, posing ecological risks and potential threats to public health.

Microbial bioremediation methods typically use consortia of wild-type bacterial strains, yet these organisms demonstrate limited capacity to degrade complex pollutant mixtures. Elevated salinity levels further inhibit bacterial activity, diminishing bioremediation efficacy in industrial and marine wastewater. Developing capable of degrading pollutants while tolerating saline conditions remains a critical challenge.

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An international team of astronomers reports the discovery of two new exoplanets, a few times more massive than Earth, orbiting a sun-like star known as HD 35843. The finding was reported in a research paper published May 1 on the arXiv pre-print server.

To date, NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has identified more than 7,600 candidate exoplanets (TESS Objects of Interest, or TOI), of which 622 have been confirmed by follow-up observations. The satellite’s main aim is to complete a survey of about 200,000 of the nearest brightest stars, searching for transiting exoplanets—from small, rocky worlds to gaseous giants.

HD 35,843, or TOI 4,189, is a metal-poor G-dwarf star with a radius of approximately 0.9 solar radii and mass comparable to that of the sun. TESS observed this star between 2018 and 2022, which resulted in the detection of a transit signal in its light curve.

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A team of physicists has uncovered a surprising new way to explore one of science’s greatest challenges: uniting the two fundamental theories that explain how our universe works—Einstein’s theory of gravity and quantum mechanics.

Despite decades of effort, no one has fully explained how gravity—which governs massive objects like planets and stars—fits with , which describes the behavior of the tiniest particles in the universe. But now, scientists believe light may hold the key.

Warner A. Miller, Ph.D., co-author and a professor in the Department of Physics at Florida Atlantic University’s Charles E. Schmidt College of Science in collaboration with scientists at the University of Seoul and Seoul National University, South Korea, found that light’s —the direction it vibrates as it travels—can behave in an unexpected way when passing through curved space. Normally, this polarization shifts slightly due to the warping of space by gravity, a well-known effect.

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