Astronomers searching for radio signals that could be signs of extraterrestrial life have just gained access to South Africa’s MeerKAT telescope.
The Donnan electric potential arises from an imbalance of charges at the interface of a charged membrane and a liquid, and for more than a century it has stubbornly eluded direct measurement. Many researchers have even written off such a measurement as impossible.
But that era, at last, has ended. With a tool that’s conventionally used to probe the chemical composition of materials, scientists at the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) recently led the first direct measurement of the Donnan potential.
“We were naïve enough to believe we could do the impossible,” said Ethan Crumlin, a staff scientist at Berkeley Lab’s Advanced Light Source (ALS), which generated the bright X-rays used in the experiment. Crumlin and his collaborators recently reported the measurement in Nature Communications.
A single particle has no temperature. It has a certain energy or a certain speed—but it is not possible to translate that into a temperature. Only when dealing with random velocity distributions of many particles does a well-defined temperature emerge.
How can the laws of thermodynamics arise from the laws of quantum physics? This is a topic that has attracted growing attention in recent years. At TU Wien (Vienna), this question has now been pursued with computer simulations, which showed that chaos plays a crucial role: Only where chaos prevails do the well-known rules of thermodynamics follow from quantum physics.
The US is more alert to the risks of strep infections, but the UK has better data. It’s not clear which makes more difference in controlling disease.
Foundations of Neurotechnology
Posted in neuroscience
Foundations of neurotechnologies BCIs.
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A new machine learning model will help scientists identify small molecules, with applications in medicine, drug discovery and environmental chemistry. Developed by researchers at Aalto University and the University of Luxembourg, the model was trained with data from dozens of laboratories to become one of the most accurate tools for identifying small molecules.
Thousands of different small molecules, known as metabolites, transport energy and transmit cellular information throughout the human body. Because they are so small, metabolites are difficult to distinguish from each other in a blood sample analysis—but identifying these molecules is important to understand how exercise, nutrition, alcohol use and metabolic disorders affect well-being.
Metabolites are normally identified by analyzing their mass and retention time with a separation technique called liquid chromatography followed by mass spectrometry. This technique first separates metabolites by running the sample through a column, which results in different flow rates—or retention times—through the measurement device.
Dark matter is an archetype of a missing phenomenon, but there are plenty of potential explanations for it.
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Simulation can help engineers overcome these challenges. Rather than tweaking the AI model’s architecture and parameters, it has been shown that time spent improving the training data can often yield more extensive improvements in accuracy.
How a common cold develops
Posted in biotech/medical, health
Winter and rainy season is worst for those who have low immunity. Antibiotics have many side effects. But there high fever due to viral infection is also risky.
A cold is an infection caused by a virus. It’s a common and usually mild illness that affects the nose and throat. Find out more here: http://bit.ly/KV8y1c.
The content is intended for general information only and does not replace the need for personal advice from a qualified health professional.