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EMBARGO Wednesday 19 July 1,600 BST | 1,500 GMT | Thursday 20 July 100 AEST

Back when the Universe was still just a wee baby Universe, there wasn’t a lot going on chemically. There was hydrogen, with some helium, and a few traces of other things. Heavier elements didn’t arrive until stars had formed, lived, and died.

Imagine, therefore, the consternation of scientists when, using the James Webb Space Telescope to peer back into the distant reaches of the Universe, they discovered significant amounts of carbon dust, less than a billion years after the Big Bang.

Newly published research from Telethon Kids Institute and The University of Western Australia has found a gel applied during surgery to treat sarcoma tumors is both safe and highly effective at preventing the cancer from growing back.

The findings, published in the journal Cell Reports Medicine, have formed the scientific backbone of a trial underway in Perth to test the feasibility and safety of the gel on pet dogs.

The polymer-filled gel is packed with a type of and is applied inside the wound when the tumor is removed, drawing to the wound/resection site to “mop up” any remaining cancer cells.

During routine navigation in daily life, our brains use spatial mapping and memory to guide us from point A to point B. Just as routine is making a mistake in navigation that requires a course correction.

Now, researchers at Harvard Medical School have identified a specific group of neurons in a region involved in that undergo bursts of activity when running a maze veer off course and correct their error.

The findings, published July 19 in Nature, bring scientists a step closer to understanding how navigation works, while raising new questions. These questions include the specific role these neurons play during navigation, and what they are doing in other brain regions where they are found.

And the right to freedom of thought enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is similarly open to interpretation. It was historically put in place to protect freedoms surrounding beliefs, religion, and speech. But that could change, says Ienca. “Rights are not static entities,” he says.

He is among the ethicists and legal scholars investigating the importance of “neuro rights”—the subset of human rights concerned with the protection of the human brain and mind. Some are currently exploring whether neuro rights could be recognized within established human rights, or whether we need new laws.


Her case highlights why we need to enshrine neuro rights in law.

In recent years, we’ve seen neurotechnologies move from research labs to real-world use. Schools have used some devices to monitor the brain activity of children to tell when they are paying attention. Police forces are using others to work out whether someone is guilty of a crime. And employers use them to keep workers awake and productive.

These technologies hold the remarkable promise of giving us all-new insight into our own minds. But our brain data is precious, and letting it fall into the wrong hands could be dangerous, Farahany argues in her new book, The Battle for Your Brain. I chatted with her about some of her concerns.


We need new rules to protect our cognitive liberty, says futurist and legal ethicist Nita Farahany.

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Robots play an ever greater role in every aspect of our lives, including the battlefield, but what will their role be in the wars of the future?

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Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: Episode’s Audio-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/robots-warfare.
Episode’s Narration-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/robots-warfare-narration-only.

Credits:
Robots & Warfare.
Episode 403a, July 16, 2023
Written, Produced & Narrated by:
Isaac Arthur.

Music Courtesy of:
Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator.
Markus Junnikkala, “We Roam the Stars“
Stellardrone, “Red Giant”, “Between the Rings“
Miguel Johnson, “Far From Home”, “So Many Stars“
Aerium, “Fifth Star of Aldebaran”