ROCHESTER, Minn. — Researchers have uncovered a previously unknown mechanism that helps aging cells drive the chronic inflammation linked to many age-related diseases. The findings reveal how dysfunctional mitochondria — the cell’s energy-producing structures — work with the cell’s epigenetic machinery to switch on inflammatory genes, opening the door to a new therapeutic approach for
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Claude AI finds cryptography weaknesses human experts missed
AI company Anthropic has announced that its unreleased model, Claude Mythos Preview, has discovered previously unknown mathematical weaknesses in cryptographic algorithms that human researchers had missed for years.
Cryptography uses sophisticated algorithms to protect web traffic, email, software updates and sensitive information like banking details. It does this by rendering the data completely unreadable.
The Anthropic team describes its work in two papers.
JCI: Centre for Immuno-Oncology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
2 Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Oxford, United Kingdom.
3State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Scientists find a simple way to stop cavities without drilling
A liquid brushed onto cavities in seconds may spare many young children from pain, infection, and surgery. A major U.S. trial found that silver diamine fluoride stopped decay in more than half of treated baby teeth. The treatment requires no drilling, shots, or sedation, although it does permanently darken the decayed area.
Cell junction proteins regulate stem cell signaling and tissue homeostasis
In many animal tissues, stem cells continually divide to create new cells that replace old or damaged ones. However, this capacity requires strict regulation, as uncontrolled stem cell proliferation can disrupt tissue homeostasis and contribute to tumorigenesis.
Researchers at the National Institute for Physiological Sciences have identified a previously unknown mechanism that controls stem cell proliferation in the Drosophila intestine. The study reveals that smooth septate junction (sSJ) proteins, known for their role in cell-cell adhesion, also regulate signaling in differentiating intestinal progenitor cells to prevent excessive stem cell growth.
China wants to solve the hardest problem in robotics — making hands
Human hands – nimble, nerve-filled appendages that are the most flexible part of the human skeleton – are exceptionally complex. Many tasks that most people can do largely without thinking, from tying a pair of shoelaces to buttoning up a shirt, in fact require a complex set of neurological instructions and precise choreography. In thousands of years of human history, no machine has been able to truly replicate human’s greatest tool.
But now, as artificial intelligence (AI) races forwards, some companies think they are close to surpassing this final but most difficult hurdle in robotics. Most of them are in China.
A new suite of Chinese start-ups are leveraging China’s advantages in manufacturing and enthusiasm for what the government calls “embodied AI” to build the fully dextrous robotic hands that are needed to transform humanoid robots from dancing gimmicks into useful products.
Discovering cryptographic weaknesses with Claude
Anthropic researchers find weaknesses in cryptographic algorithms with Claude Mythos Preview
Spray-on coating traps particles more tightly and nearly doubles air filter lifespan
Breathing clean air is essential for human health, making air filters indispensable in homes, hospitals, workplaces and industrial settings. However, despite decades of advances in filter materials and design, a major challenge remains. Capturing airborne particles is only half the battle; keeping them securely trapped is equally important.
Conventional air filters rely on weak adhesive forces, allowing some captured particles to detach and re-enter the air. This reduces filtration efficiency, shortens filter lifespan and highlights the need for smarter, more durable air filtration technologies.
Abstract: Center for Systems and Computational Biology, and
2 Center for Biomedical Informatics, Bioinformatics Department, Rutgers Cancer Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Space’s Exponential Tech Moment And The Need To Secure It
Space has become the cornerstone of our digital society and it is creating technological innovation that must be secured.