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This surprising result is important for understanding unconventional superconductors and other materials where electrons band together to act collectively.

Long before researchers discovered the electron and its role in generating electrical current, they knew about electricity and were exploring its potential. One thing they learned early on was that metals were great conductors of both electricity and heat.

Discovery of the Wiedemann-Franz Law.

Long-term data from a study implemented by the # NIH-funded International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Network showed very early antiretroviral therapy (ART) for infants who acquired HIV in utero enabled some infants to sustain viral suppression for more than two years.


Very early ART for in-utero HIV-1 can achieve sustained virological suppression in association with biomarkers indicating restricted HIV-1 reservoirs by age 2 years, which might enable potential ART-free remission.

However, when major genome rearrangements occur — like the ones that the team was seeing in the skate’s DNA — boundaries can be lost, and the relative positions of genes on chromosomes can change. As a result, “some enhancers can provide instructions to the wrong gene,” explained Dario Lupiáñez, an evolutionary biologist at the Max Delbrück Center in Berlin and one of the senior authors of the study.

It seemed possible that the changes in the 3D architecture of the skate genome might have disrupted the ancient blocks of genes the skates inherited from their sharklike ancestors, affecting the genes’ function. “We were trying to look at whether some genome rearrangements in the little skate actually break these blocks,” said Ferdinand Marlétaz, a genomicist at University College London and co-first author of the study.

ALBERT LEA, Minnesota (WCCO) — Living to 100 may seem like a major feat, but there are communities around the world where it’s common — they’re called “Blue Zones.”

Minnesota native Dan Buettner is one of the foremost experts on how they work. Buettner’s new Netflix documentary and New York Times bestsellers reveal the secret recipe to longevity.