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Stem cells in organoids self-organize into tissue patterns with unknown mechanisms. Here, we use skin organoids to analyze this process. Cell behavior videos show that the morphological transformation from multiple spheroidal units with morphogenesis competence (CMU) to planar skin is characterized by two abrupt cell motility–increasing events before calming down. The self-organizing processes are controlled by a morphogenetic module composed of molecular sensors, modulators, and executers. Increasing dermal stiffness provides the initial driving force (driver) which activates Yap1 (sensor) in epidermal cysts. Notch signaling (modulator 1) in epidermal cyst tunes the threshold of Yap1 activation. Activated Yap1 induces Wnts and MMPs (epidermal executers) in basal cells to facilitate cellular flows, allowing epidermal cells to protrude out from the CMU. Dermal cell–expressed Rock (dermal executer) generates a stiff force bridge between two CMU and accelerates tissue mixing via activating Laminin and β1-integrin. Thus, this self-organizing coalescence process is controlled by a mechano-chemical circuit. Beyond skin, self-organization in organoids may use similar mechano-chemical circuit structures.

Aude Oliva is a prominent Cognitive and Computer Scientist directing the MIT Computational Perception and Cognition group at CSAIL while also leading the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab and co-leading the MIT AI Hardware Program. With research spanning computational neuroscience, cognition, and computer vision, she pioneers the integration of human perception and machine recognition. Her contributions extend across academia, industry, and research, making her a distinguished figure at MIT.

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Construction is set to break ground by the end of this year, and the company expects to move into the new space by the end of 2024. The production facility for semiconductor quartz will include a clean room, high-purity cleaning system and allow them to expand an automation component of their business that they’ve been capitalizing on for years.

“We knew that our customers all over the world were expanding at a rate we couldn’t keep up with,” said Scott Lingren, SXT’s managing director and U.S. chairman. “As you see all these expansions from Samsung in Taylor to Texas Instruments Inc. in the Dallas area to all over the world … we just have to keep up.”

SXT – which is headquartered in the Netherlands and owned by the privately-held Schunk Group in Germany – supplies semiconductor manufacturers around the world, like Samsung, which has had a presence in Central Texas for decades and is potentially adding to its existing Austin campus and its new site in Taylor. Other major players in the industry include Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., which is expanding in Arizona, and Intel Corp., which is expanding to Ohio.

GM’s self-driving robotaxi unit, Cruise, is poised to deploy a small fleet of autonomous cars in Seattle, Washington. The initial deployment of the vehicles will reportedly include safety drivers.

Cruise’s deployment in the city will begin in sections of downtown Seattle, Capitol Hill, Queen Anne, Fremont, the University District, and West Seattle. From this, Cruise would be able to collect valuable real-world data. The robotaxi provider would be joining other self-driving units that are also operating in Seattle today, such as Zoox.

In a comment to Geek Wire, Cruise executive VP of engineering Mohamed Elshenawy noted that Seattle would be a great testing ground for the company’s self-driving robotaxis. The city, after all, features hilly areas and inclement weather conditions, which should present Cruise with some interesting edge cases and challenges.

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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about bizarre quantum effects discovered in the last few months.
Links:
https://news.uchicago.edu/story/uchicago-scientists-observe-…laboratory.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-023-02139-8
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05727-z.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-022-00881-8
#quantum #quantumphysics #quantummechanics.

0:00 Evidence for quantum superchemistry.
3:40 Solar fusion is quantum and not classical.
5:20 Quantum tunneling and microscopy.
7:00 Tunneling causes chemistry.
7:40 Tunneling affects DNA and causes mutation.

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Unsupervised spiking convolutional neural networks (SCNNs) exhibit improved performance to object-optimized CNNs in predicting fMRI responses induced by visual stimuli and achieve promising results on image identification and reconstruction tasks.

Life runs on ribosomes. Every cell across the globe requires ribosomes to convert genetic data into the vital proteins required for the organism’s operation, and, subsequently, for the production of more ribosomes. However, scientists still lack a clear understanding of how these essential nanomachines are assembled.

Now, new high-resolution images of the large ribosomal subunit are shedding light on how arguably nature’s most fundamental molecule coalesces in human cells. The findings, published in Science, bring us one step closer to a complete picture of ribosome assembly.

“We now have a pretty good idea of how the large ribosomal subunit is assembled in humans,” says Rockefeller’s Sebastian Klinge. “We still have quite a few gaps in our understanding, but we certainly now have a much better idea than we had before.”

Over the past few decades, material scientists and chemists have been working on designing increasingly sophisticated materials for a wide range of technological and scientific applications. These materials include synthetic polymers and hydrogels that could be introduced inside the human body as part of medical interventions.

Researchers at the Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden and other institutes in Germany recently designed new fully synthetic materials with a dynamic DNA-crosslinked matrix that could prove useful for the creation of organoids (artificial organs) and other bio-mimetic systems. These materials, introduced in Nature Nanotechnology, are versatile, programmable and relatively inexpensive, making them advantageous for medical and biological research.

“Polymer chemistry can create materials with wonderful properties,” Elisha Krieg, one of the researchers who carried out the study, told Phys.org. “Think of everyday products like toys and packaging, but also bullet-proof vests, parachutes, medical implants, etc. But these materials are very static—it is not easy to change their properties, once broken they cannot heal themselves, and their characteristics are difficult to predict. Our group tries to make materials that are more akin to living matter: adaptive, self-healing, and programmed to fulfill specific functions.”