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Pushing the limits of chip design

Khalifa University is building the foundation for a smarter, more secure and more connected world, one silicon chip at a time.

In the rapidly evolving world of artificial intelligence and smart devices, the System-on-Chip Lab (SoCL) at Khalifa University is emerging as a regional hub of innovation. Led by Baker Mohammad, a professor of Computer and Information Engineering and a veteran with 15 years of experience at tech giants Intel and Qualcomm, the lab is uniquely positioned to bridge the gap between fundamental research and market-ready solutions.

“We’re the only facility in the region with comprehensive expertise across the full electronics design stack, from devices to circuits to systems,” Mohammad explains. This distinctive capability allows the lab to address critical challenges in energy-efficient, high-performance edge devices for data-intensive AI applications, while also integrating hardware security to protect sensitive user data.

Direct electrolysis systems turns waste alkaline water into clean hydrogen

Dr. Sung Mook Choi and his research team at the Energy & Environmental Materials Research Division of the Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) have successfully developed a highly durable non-precious metal-based hydrogen evolution catalyst for use in a direct electrolysis system employing waste alkaline water and anion exchange membranes (AEM). This breakthrough enables the production of clean hydrogen by directly utilizing alkaline wastewater generated from industrial processes.

Hybrid Crystal-Glass Materials from Meteorites Transform Heat Control

Crystals and glasses have opposite heat-conduction properties, which play a pivotal role in a variety of technologies. These range from the miniaturization and efficiency of electronic devices to waste-heat recovery systems, as well as the lifespan of thermal shields for aerospace applications.

The problem of optimizing the performance and durability of materials used in these different applications essentially boils down to fundamentally understanding how their chemical composition and atomic structure (e.g., crystalline, glassy, nanostructured) determine their capability to conduct heat. Michele Simoncelli, assistant professor of applied physics and applied mathematics at Columbia Engineering, tackles this problem from first principles — i.e., in Aristotle’s words, in terms of “the first basis from which a thing is known” — starting from the fundamental equations of quantum mechanics and leveraging machine-learning techniques to solve them with quantitative accuracy.

In research published on July 11 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Simoncelli and his collaborators Nicola Marzari from the Swiss Federal Technology Institute of Lausanne and Francesco Mauri from Sapienza University of Rome predicted the existence of a material with hybrid crystal-glass thermal properties, and a team of experimentalists led by Etienne Balan, Daniele Fournier, and Massimiliano Marangolo from the Sorbonne University in Paris confirmed it with measurements.

A new method to measure ultrafast relaxation processes in single molecules

Quantum stochastic rectification is a process observed in some physical systems, which entails the conversion of random quantum fluctuations (i.e., quantum noise) and a small oscillating signal, such as a weak alternating current or AC voltage, into a steady output (e.g., a direct current, or DC). This quantum effect has been previously reported in magnetic tunnel junctions that are driven by both quantum mechanics and randomness (i.e., stochastic processes).

Researchers at the University of California–Irvine recently showed that the quantum stochastic rectification observed in individual molecules can be leveraged to study their intrinsic relaxation dynamics. Their approach, outlined in a paper published in Physical Review Letters, could inform the future study of molecular dynamics and advance the measurement of rapid processes that take place in single molecules at the atomic scale.

“A few years ago, I served on a Ph.D. Advancement committee and the graduate student discussed his thesis research involving in nm-scale magnetic tunnel junctions,” Wilson Ho, senior author of the paper, told Phys.org. “The signal in his experiment was affected by the thermal noise and showed a transition when the driving frequency was varied.

Virtual reality nature scenes ease pain sensitivity, especially with strong sense of presence

Immersing in virtual reality (VR) nature scenes helped relieve symptoms that are often seen in people living with long-term pain, with those who felt more present experiencing the strongest effects.

A new study led by the University of Exeter, published in the journal Pain, tested the impact of immersive 360-degree nature films delivered using VR compared with 2D video images in reducing the experience of pain, finding VR almost twice as effective.

The paper is titled “Immersion in nature through attenuates the development and spread of mechanical secondary hyperalgesia: a role for insulo-thalamic effective connectivity.”

Deep-sea fish confirmed as a significant source of ocean carbonate

A new study offers the first direct evidence that deep-dwelling mesopelagic fish, which account for up to 94% of global fish biomass, excrete carbonate minerals at rates comparable to shallow-water species. The findings validate previous global models suggesting that marine fish are major contributors to biogenic carbonate production in the ocean.

Scientists at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science studied the blackbelly rosefish (Helicolenus dactylopterus), a deep-sea species living at depths of 350–430 meters (1,148–1,410 feet), to determine whether it forms and excretes intestinal carbonate—known as ichthyocarbonate. This physiological process, common among marine fish, helps maintain internal salt and water balance in saline environments and plays a critical role in marine carbon cycling.

The study, titled “Osmoregulation by the gastro-intestinal tract of at depth—implications for the global carbon cycle,” was published on July 15, 2025 in the Journal of Experimental Biology.

Researchers identify genetic marker that could guide brain cancer treatment

University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center researchers have discovered a genetic biomarker that could help identify patients with glioblastoma most likely to benefit from the cancer drug bevacizumab.

The study, published in JCO Precision Oncology, found that brain tumors from patients treated with bevacizumab who lived longer were more likely to have a genetic change called CDK4 amplification. This suggests that testing for the could help oncologists identify patients most likely to respond well to bevacizumab treatment.

“The findings could help oncologists make more informed treatment decisions for , potentially sparing those unlikely to benefit from unnecessary side effects while ensuring those who might respond get access to the drug,” said John Villano, M.D., Ph.D., the study’s lead author and professor in the UK College of Medicine.

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