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Cancer cells go up in flames—thanks to this deep-sea sugar

Scientists have discovered a sugar compound from deep-sea bacteria that can destroy cancer cells in a dramatic way. This natural substance, produced by microbes living in the ocean, causes cancer cells to undergo a fiery form of cell death, essentially making them self-destruct. In lab tests and in mice with liver cancer, the compound not only stopped tumors from growing, but also activated the immune system to fight back. This finding could pave the way for entirely new cancer treatments based on sugars from marine organisms.

Scientists aim to resurrect the mammoth but have created an unexpected organism

Mice covered in fur as dense as mammoths, really? As scientists make unexpected strides towards resurrecting the extinct species, the debate rages between genetic feat and ethical dilemma. Dive into the behind-the-scenes of an experiment that could well change our understanding of life itself.

New scheme mitigates self-discharging in quantum batteries

Quantum batteries (QBs) are energy storage devices that could serve as an alternative to classical batteries, potentially charging faster and enabling the extraction of more energy. In contrast with existing batteries, these batteries leverage effects rooted in quantum mechanics, such as entanglement and superposition.

Despite their promise, QBs have not yet reached optimal performances, partly because they are prone to decoherence simultaneously. This is a loss of coherence (i.e., the ability of quantum systems to exist in a superposition of multiple states), prompted by interactions between a system and its surrounding environment.

Decoherence causes QBs to self-discharge, or in other words, to spontaneously start releasing the energy they are storing. This self-discharging process has so far prevented the batteries’ practical application.

US Approves Clinical Trial of Cuban Lung Cancer Vaccine

Federal regulators have given approval for U.S. clinical trials of a Cuban-developed lung cancer vaccine.

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo announced the Food and Drug Administration’s decision Wednesday at the Roswell Park Cancer Institute in Buffalo.

Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women, according to the American Cancer Society, which estimates nearly 160,000 Americans will die from the disease this year, with non-small cell cancer the most frequently diagnosed type, by far.

The Cuban lung cancer vaccine, called CIMAvax, was developed by the Center of Molecular Immunology in Havana. It works as a form of immunotherapy.

(October 26 2016)

The FDA allows a landmark test of a Cuban vaccine that uses the body’s immune system to starve lung-cancer cells.

Continue reading “US Approves Clinical Trial of Cuban Lung Cancer Vaccine” | >

Beyond kidney dialysis and transplantation: what’s on the horizon?

There are currently over 750,000 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States. Globally, 2.6 million patients receive renal replacement therapy with either dialysis or a kidney transplant, which is estimated to double in number by 2030. Kidney care was revolutionized by the invention of the dialysis machine in 1943 by Willem Kolff and the subsequent development of the arteriovenous fistula in 1960 by Belding Scribner. The first successful human kidney transplantation was performed in 1954 by Joseph Murray, teaming with John Merrill, and has since become the treatment of choice for patients with ESRD. Although there have been only incremental innovations since that time, recent exciting developments in kidney research have the potential to transform treatment beyond dialysis and transplantation. Here, we highlight five emerging approaches for ESRD.

(Circa 2022)

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Patients’ own autoantibodies may hold key to boosting cancer immunotherapy response

A new study has revealed that autoantibodies—immune proteins traditionally associated with autoimmune disease—may profoundly influence how cancer patients respond to immunotherapy.

The study, published in Nature, offers a potential breakthrough in solving one of modern-day oncology’s most frustrating mysteries: why checkpoint inhibitors work for some patients but not others—and how we can extend their benefits to more people.

“Our analysis shows that certain naturally occurring autoantibodies can tilt the odds dramatically toward shrinking tumors,” said senior author Aaron Ring, MD, Ph.D., an associate professor at Fred Hutch Cancer Center. “We saw some cases where autoantibodies boosted a patient’s likelihood of responding to checkpoint blockade by as much as five-to ten-fold.”

Demonstration of first antimatter quantum bit paves way for improved comparisons of matter and antimatter

In a breakthrough for antimatter research, the BASE collaboration at CERN has kept an antiproton—the antimatter counterpart of a proton—oscillating smoothly between two different quantum states for almost a minute while trapped. The achievement, reported in a paper published today in the journal Nature, marks the first demonstration of an antimatter quantum bit, or qubit, and paves the way for substantially improved comparisons between the behavior of matter and antimatter.