Lifeboat Foundation

Jupiter’s largest moon, Ganymede, features a surprisingly strong magnetic field for its size. Tidal effects from Jupiter continually stretch and squeeze the moon, keeping its core warm and driving the magnetic field. But the exact geological processes occurring within the core are not fully understood. Now, a new experimental study has put one of the leading models of core dynamics to the test: the formation of crystalized ‘iron snow’

The iron snow theory is like a geological ‘weather model’ for a planetary core: it describes how iron cools and crystalizes near the upper edge of the core (where it meets the mantle), then falls inwards and melts back into the liquid centre of the planet.

Ganymede’s core, in other words, is a molten metal snowglobe, shaken and stirred by Jupiter’s gravity.

Sometimes big science comes in small packages.

Advanced Functional Materials, part of the prestigious Advanced portfolio and a top-tier materials science journal, publishes outstanding research across the field.

Over the past twenty years, many companies, including Google, Microsoft, and IBM, have invested in quantum computing development. Investors have contributed over $5 billion to this cause. The aim is to use quantum physics properties to process information in ways that traditional computers cannot. Quantum computing could impact various fields, including drug discovery, cryptography, finance, and supply-chain logistics. However, the excitement around this technology has led to a mix of claims, making it hard to gauge the actual progress.

The main challenge in developing quantum computers is managing the ‘noise’ that can interfere with these sensitive systems. Quantum systems can be disrupted by disturbances like stray photons from heat, random signals from nearby electronics, or physical vibrations. This noise can cause errors or stop a quantum computation. Regardless of the processor size or the technology’s potential uses, a quantum computer will not surpass a classical computer unless the noise is controlled.

For a while, researchers thought they might have to tolerate some noise in their quantum systems, at least temporarily. They looked for applications that could still work effectively with this constraint. However, recent theoretical and experimental advances suggest that the noise issue might soon be resolved. A mix of hardware and software strategies is showing potential for reducing and correcting quantum errors. Earl Campbell, vice president of quantum science at Riverlane, a UK-based quantum computing company, believes there is growing evidence to be hopeful about quantum computing’s future.

Join the discussion on this paper page.

A researcher explains the new ketamine trials in patients with depression, and why they show more promise than traditional anti-depressants.

A recent study in mice reveals that targeting ENPP1 could enhance immunotherapy effectiveness, offering hope for better breast cancer treatment outcomes. In Forbes:

What changes in cells lead to breast cancer? Scientists now have access to the world’s most comprehensive atlas of healthy breast tissue to help answer this question. 7 years in the making, the Human Breast Cell Atlas is helping scientists better understand breast cancer and other diseases to find new treatments.

In three patients with Alzheimer’s disease, focused ultrasound was applied with aducanumab therapy. Reduction in amyloid was greater in treated regions than in matched contralateral regions over 6 months. Read the full report:

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Ultrasound Blood–Brain Barrier Opening and Aducanumab in Alzheimer’s Disease.