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Category: robotics/AI – Page 766

First AI Images Extracted From Human Brain Revealed

A group of researchers in Japan have found yet another interesting way to use AI technology. In a recent research project led by a team from the National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST) and Osaka University, they were able to translate human brain activity to depict mental images of objects, animals, and landscapes. They released pictures from the research, and the results are pretty astounding.

One of the images that the AI technology was able to decode from the brain activity was a vivid depiction of a leopard with detailed features like spots, ears, and more. Another image depicted an airplane. While we have previously had technology that is able to recreate images from brain activity, this is one of the very few studies that were able to make these mental images visible.

Of these previous studies, the images that could be decoded were fairly limited into several categories, like human faces, letters, and numbers. This new AI brain-decoding technology seems to be able to decode a much broader spectrum of images from the human mind. As the researchers in the study point out, “visualizing mental imagery for arbitrary natural images stands as a significant milestone.”

The Biggest Discoveries in Computer Science in 2023

Quanta Magazine’s full list of the major computer science discoveries from 2023.

In 2023, artificial intelligence dominated popular culture — showing up in everything from internet memes to Senate hearings. Large language models such as those behind ChatGPT fueled a lot of this excitement, even as researchers still struggled to pry open the “black box” that describes their inner workings. Image generation systems also routinely impressed and unsettled us with their artistic abilities, yet these were explicitly founded on concepts borrowed from physics.

The year brought many other advances in computer science. Researchers made subtle but important progress on one of the oldest problems in the field, a question about the nature of hard problems referred to as “P versus NP.” In August, my colleague Ben Brubaker explored this seminal problem and the attempts of computational complexity theorists to answer the question: Why is it hard (in a precise, quantitative sense) to understand what makes hard problems hard? “It hasn’t been an easy journey — the path is littered with false turns and roadblocks, and it loops back on itself again and again,” Brubaker wrote. “Yet for meta-complexity researchers, that journey into an uncharted landscape is its own reward.”

Elon Musk’s Explosive Insights on Media, X Platform, AI, and Cryptocurrency

Elon Musk discusses various topics including the declining legacy media market, the success of X platform, the importance of free speech and accurate information propagation, the challenges of public companies, the future of AI, the impact of cryptocurrency, and the potential of autonomous vehicles.

Questions to inspire discussion.

What does Elon Musk discuss about the declining legacy media market?
—Elon Musk discusses the lack of understanding from mainstream media about the big stories and accomplishments of SpaceX and Tesla, as well as the success of X platform.

“Flying dragon” robot harnesses the “crazy hose” effect to fight fires

Japanese researchers have created and open-sourced a flying firefighting hose that levitates and steers itself to fight fires using its own water pressure as a two-part propulsion system, spraying water down onto fires and keeping operators safe.

The “flying dragon” system has two four-nozzle propulsion units built in – one at the end of the hose, one maybe 3 m (10 ft) back. Each of these can be thought of as something like a watery quadcopter – valves and swivels on each nozzle control flow and direction of thrust, allowing it to rise, balance and steer itself in the air the way a regular drone might … Well, two drones really, connected with a heavy rope and dragging a heavy tail.

A maximum flow rate of 6.6 liters (1.5 gal) per second gives pressure ratings up to 1 megapascal (145 psi). That’s enough to lift the hose some 2 m (6.6 ft) above the last thing it’s been draped on. The hose on the prototype at this point is just 4 m (13.2 ft) long, and runs back to a little control station trolley, where an operator stands and drives the thing.

Model scale versus domain knowledge in statistical forecasting of chaotic systems

Can machine learning predict chaos? This paper performs a large-scale comparison of modern forecasting methods on a giant dataset of 135 chaotic systems.

Chaos and unpredictability are traditionally synonymous, yet large-scale machine-learning methods recently have demonstrated a surprising ability to forecast chaotic systems well beyond typical predictability horizons. However, recent works disagree on whether specialized methods grounded in dynamical systems theory, such as reservoir computers or neural ordinary differential equations, outperform general-purpose large-scale learning methods such as transformers or recurrent neural networks. These prior studies perform comparisons on few individually chosen chaotic systems, thereby precluding robust quantification of how statistical modeling choices and dynamical invariants of different chaotic systems jointly determine empirical predictability.

AI Coscientist automates scientific discovery

A non-organic intelligent system has for the first time designed, planned and executed a chemistry experiment, Carnegie Mellon University researchers report in the journal Nature (“Autonomous chemical research with large language models”).

  • A non-organic intelligent system has successfully conducted a chemistry experiment, demonstrating a new approach to scientific research.
  • The system, named Coscientist, leverages large language models to streamline the experimental process, enhancing speed, accuracy, and efficiency.

    • Chinese brain warfare includes sleep weapons, thought control

    I dont know about sleep weapons, it s possible probably. More concerning to me, i read a paper 20+ years back about cell towers and cell phone frequencies as a possible tool for mind control, some way connected to frequency of human brain.

    China’s military is developing advanced psychological warfare and brain-influencing weapons as part of a new warfighting strategy, according to a report on People’s Liberation Army cognitive warfare.

    The report, “Warfare in the Cognitive Age: NeuroStrike and the PLA’s Advanced Psychological Weapons and Tactics,” was published earlier this month by The CCP Biothreats Initiative, a research group.

    “The PLA is at the forefront of incorporating advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, brain-computer interfaces and novel biological weapons into its military strategies,” the think tank’s analysts concluded.

    A Comprehensive Study on Nanoparticle Drug Delivery to the Brain: Application of Machine Learning Techniques

    The delivery of drugs to specific target tissues and cells in the brain poses a significant challenge in brain therapeutics, primarily due to limited understanding of how nanoparticle (NP) properties influence drug biodistribution and off-target organ accumulation. This study addresses the limitations of previous research by using various predictive models based on collection of large data sets of 403 data points incorporating both numerical and categorical features. Machine learning techniques and comprehensive literature data analysis were used to develop models for predicting NP delivery to the brain. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of loaded drugs and NPs were analyzed through a systematic analysis of pharmacodynamic parameters such as plasma area under the curve. The analysis employed various linear models, with a particular emphasis on linear mixed-effect models (LMEMs) that demonstrated exceptional accuracy. The model was validated via the preparation and administration of two distinct NP formulations via the intranasal and intravenous routes. Among the various modeling approaches, LMEMs exhibited superior performance in capturing underlying patterns. Factors such as the release rate and molecular weight had a negative impact on brain targeting. The model also suggests a slightly positive impact on brain targeting when the drug is a P-glycoprotein substrate.

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