Chief product officer of ‘responsible AI’ says the focus needs to be on augmenting — not replicating — human capabilities.
Category: robotics/AI – Page 158
The outgoing head of the US Department of Homeland Security believes Europe’s “adversarial” relationship with tech companies is hampering a global approach to regulating artificial intelligence that could result in security vulnerabilities.
Alejandro Mayorkas told the Financial Times the US — home of the world’s top artificial intelligence groups, including OpenAI and Google — and Europe are not on a “strong footing” because of a difference in regulatory approach.
He stressed the need for “harmonisation across the Atlantic”, expressing concern that relationships between governments and the tech industry are “more adversarial” in Europe than in the US.
AMD’s investment is part of how the chip giant plans to make a dent in the artificial intelligence chip market dominated by Nvidia.
Atomic simulations deepen the mystery of how engineered materials known as refractory high-entropy alloys can suffer so little damage by radiation.
Refractory high-entropy alloys are materials made from multiple high-melting-point metals in roughly equal proportions. Those containing tungsten exhibit minimal changes in mechanical properties when exposed to continuous radiation and could be used to shield the crucial components of future nuclear reactors. Now Jesper Byggmästar and his colleagues at the University of Helsinki have performed atomic simulations that explore the uncertain origins of this radiation resistance [1]. The findings could help scientists design novel materials that are even more robust than these alloys in extreme environments.
The researchers studied a tungsten-based refractory high-entropy alloy using state-of-the-art simulations guided by machine learning. In particular, they modeled the main mechanism by which radiation can disrupt such an alloy’s atomic structure. In this mechanism, the incoming radiation causes one atom in the alloy to displace another atom, forming one or more structural defects. The team determined the threshold energy needed to induce such displacements and its dependence on the masses of the two involved atoms.
A new visual recognition approach improved a machine learning technique’s ability to both identify an object and how it is oriented in space, according to a study presented in October at the European Conference on Computer Vision in Milan, Italy.
Self-supervised learning is a machine learning approach that trains on unlabeled data, extending generalizability to real-world data. While it excels at identifying objects, a task called semantic classification, it may struggle to recognize objects in new poses.
This weakness quickly becomes a problem in situations like autonomous vehicle navigation, where an algorithm must assess whether an approaching car is a head-on collision threat or side-oriented and just passing by.
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems tend to take on human biases and amplify them, causing people who use that AI to become more biased themselves, finds a new study by UCL researchers.
Human and AI biases can consequently create a feedback loop, with small initial biases increasing the risk of human error, according to the findings published in Nature Human Behaviour.
The researchers demonstrated that AI bias can have real-world consequences, as they found that people interacting with biased AIs became more likely to underestimate women’s performance and overestimate white men’s likelihood of holding high-status jobs.
Quantum AI chip taps into “parallel universes” and solves equation in 5 minutes that would normally take 1 septillion years
Posted in cosmology, information science, quantum physics, robotics/AI | Leave a Comment on Quantum AI chip taps into “parallel universes” and solves equation in 5 minutes that would normally take 1 septillion years
Google’s Willow chip achieves scalable quantum error correction, reducing errors, and maintaining stability across a million cycles.
OpenAI is giving users a new way to talk to its viral chatbot: 1–800-CHATGPT.
By dialing the U.S. number (1−800−242−8478) or messaging it via WhatsApp, users can access an “easy, convenient, and low-cost way to try it out through familiar channels,” OpenAI said Wednesday. At first, the company said callers will get 15 minutes free per month.
The news follows a barrage of updates from OpenAI as part of a 12-day release event. The most notable announcement was the official rollout of Sora, OpenAI’s buzzy AI video-generation tool.
As the amount of genomic data grows, so too does the challenge of organizing it into a usable database. Indeed, the lack of a searchable database of genomic information from the literature has posed a challenge to the research community. Now, Genomenon’s AI-based approach—the Genomenon Genomic Graph (G3) knowledgebase—combines patient and biological data from nearly all published scientific and medical studies, including demographics, clinical characteristics, phenotypes, treatments, outcomes, and disease-associated genes and variants.
Training of the underlying large language model for G3 uses Genomenon’s proprietary, curated genomic datasets. The knowledgebase will power AI-driven predictive models for clinical diagnostics and drug development applications.
The Ann Arbor, MI, based Genomenon—a provider of genomic intelligence solutions—notes that this advancement represents the first time that content from the entire corpus of clinically relevant literature will be captured in a single, searchable knowledgebase.
Mapping the geometry of quantum worlds: measuring the quantum geometric tensor in solids.
Quantum states are like complex shapes in a hidden world, and understanding their geometry is key to unlocking the mysteries of modern physics. One of the most important tools for studying this geometry is the quantum geometric tensor (QGT). This mathematical object reveals how quantum states “curve” and interact, shaping phenomena ranging from exotic materials to groundbreaking technologies.
The QGT has two parts, each with distinct significance:
1. The Berry curvature (the imaginary part): This governs topological phenomena, such as unusual electrical and magnetic behaviors in advanced materials.
2. The quantum metric (the real part): Recently gaining attention, this influences surprising effects like flat-band superfluidity, quantum Landau levels, and even the nonlinear Hall effect.
While the QGT is crucial for understanding these phenomena, measuring it directly has been a challenge, previously limited to simple, artificial systems.
A breakthrough now allows scientists to measure the QGT in real crystalline solids. Using an advanced technique involving polarization-, spin-, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, researchers have reconstructed the QGT in a material called CoSn, a “kagome metal” with unique quantum properties like topological flat bands. This metal forms patterns resembling a woven basket, hosting quantum effects that were previously only theorized.