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Category: particle physics – Page 78

Superposition In Quantum Computing: How Does This Quantum Mechanical Principle Work?

Quantum computing, a field of scientific exploration, is based on the quantum mechanical principle of superposition, which allows particles to exist in multiple states simultaneously. This principle, along with entanglement, a quantum phenomenon that enables particles to be instantaneously connected, provides quantum computers with computational power beyond the reach of classical computers. The development of quantum computing, rooted in the early 20th century, is a testament to intellectual daring, as scientists grappled with concepts that defied logic but were supported by experimental evidence.

Tabletop particle blaster: How tiny nozzles and lasers could replace giant accelerators

Proton beams with giga-electron-volt (GeV) energies—once thought to be achievable only with massive particle accelerators—may soon be generated in compact setups thanks to a breakthrough by researchers at The University of Osaka.

A team led by Professor Masakatsu Murakami has developed a novel concept called micronozzle acceleration (MNA). By designing a microtarget with tiny nozzle-like features and irradiating it with ultraintense, ultrashort laser pulses, the team successfully demonstrated—through advanced numerical simulations—the generation of high-quality, GeV-class proton beams: a world-first achievement.

The article, “Generation of giga-electron-volt proton beams by micronozzle acceleration,” was published in Scientific Reports.

Exotic vibrations in new materials: New insights show universal applicability of carbyne as a sensor

For the design of future materials, it is important to understand how the individual atoms inside a material interact with each other quantum mechanically. Previously inexplicable vibrational states between carbon chains (carbyne) and nanotubes have puzzled materials scientists.

Researchers from Austria, Italy, France, China and Japan led by the University of Vienna have now succeeded in getting to the bottom of this phenomenon with the help of Raman spectroscopy, innovative theoretical models and the use of machine learning. The results, published in Nature Communications, show the universal applicability of as a sensor due to its sensitivity to external influences.

For the design of future materials, it is important to understand how matter interacts on an atomic scale. These quantum mechanical effects determine all macroscopic properties of matter, such as electrical, magnetic, optical or . In experiments, scientists use Raman spectroscopy, in which light interacts with matter, to determine the vibrational eigenstates of the atomic nuclei of the samples.

Google AI Just Predicted a New Fundamental Force in Physics!

An AI scanning billions of particle collisions at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider has detected something extraordinary — a mysterious particle decay at 4.8 TeV that doesn’t match any known physics. While scientists aren’t calling it official yet, this anomaly could be our first glimpse of a fifth fundamental force of nature.

🔬 What We Cover:

The real AI discovery behind the viral headlines.

How machine learning found what human scientists missed.

Why this 2.9-sigma anomaly has top physicists watching closely.

The Universe’s Most Powerful Cosmic Rays May Finally Be Explained

Somewhere in our galaxy are engines capable of driving atomic fragments to velocities that come within a whisker of lightspeed.

The explosive deaths of stars seems like a natural place to search for sources of these highly energetic cosmic bullets, yet when it comes to the most powerful particles, researchers have had their doubts.

Numerical simulations by a small international team of physicists may yet save the supernova theory of cosmic ray emissions at the highest of energies, suggesting there is a brief period where a collapsing star could still become the Universe’s most extreme accelerator.

New research determines the thermodynamic properties of the quark gluon plasma

Very soon after the Big Bang, the universe enjoyed a brief phase where quarks and gluons roamed freely, not yet joined up into hadrons such as protons, neutrons and mesons. This state, called a quark-gluon plasma, existed for a brief time until the temperature dropped to about 20 trillion Kelvin, after which this “hadronization” took place.

Now a research group from Italy has presented new calculations of the plasma’s equation of state that show how important the strong force was before the hadrons formed. Their work is published in Physical Review Letters.

The equation of state of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) represents the collective behavior of particles that experience the strong force—a gas of strongly interacting particles at equilibrium, with its numbers and net energy unchanging. It’s analogous to the well-known, simple equation of state of atoms in a gas, PV=nRT, but can’t be so simply summarized.

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