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Archive for the ‘particle physics’ category: Page 140

Aug 8, 2022

The Strength of the Strong Force — Accounting for 99% of the Ordinary Mass in the Universe

Posted by in category: particle physics

Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory experiments hone in on a never-before-measured region of strong force coupling, a quantity that supports theories accounting for 99% of the ordinary mass in the universe.

Much fanfare was made about the Higgs boson when this elusive particle was discovered in 2012. Although it was touted as giving ordinary matter mass, interactions with the Higgs field only generate about 1% of ordinary mass. The other 99% comes from phenomena associated with the strong nuclear force, the fundamental force that binds smaller particles called quarks into larger particles called protons and neutrons that comprise the nucleus of the atoms of ordinary matter.

The Strong Nuclear Force (often referred to as the strong force) is one of the four basic forces in nature. The others are gravity, the electromagnetic force, and the weak nuclear force. As its name implies, it is the strongest of the four. However, it also has the shortest range, which means that particles must be extremely close before its effects are felt.

Aug 8, 2022

Multiplanet Seminar: Venus Cloud Particle Sample Return Mission

Posted by in categories: engineering, particle physics, space

Thu, Aug 11 at 6 PM CDT.


Join our 60min Seminar with Sara Seager, PhD to learn about design, engineering, and upcoming mission of high altitude balloon to sample cloud particles from Venetian atmosphere!

https://www.eventbrite.com/e/multiplanet-seminar-venus-cloud…3644460177

Aug 7, 2022

The dark matter hypothesis isn’t perfect, but the alternatives are worse

Posted by in categories: computing, cosmology, particle physics, satellites

But the dark matter hypothesis isn’t perfect. Computer simulations of the growth of galaxies suggest that dark-matter-dominated galaxies should have incredibly high densities in their centers. Observations of real galaxies do show higher densities in their cores, but not nearly enough as those simulations predicted. Also, simulations of dark matter evolving in the universe predict that every galaxy should have hundreds of smaller satellites, while observations consistently come up short.

Given that the dark matter hypothesis isn’t perfect — and that we have no direct evidence for the existence of any candidate particles — it’s worth exploring other options.

Continue reading “The dark matter hypothesis isn’t perfect, but the alternatives are worse” »

Aug 6, 2022

Addressing WWW Production in Particle Collisions

Posted by in category: particle physics

The ATLAS Collaboration has detected triple W-boson production—a rare event that could eventually offer signs of new physics.


A new model suggests that lattice defects are responsible for the way some semiconductors become harder under illumination.

Aug 5, 2022

Uncrewed surface vehicle makes studying the ocean easy and affordable

Posted by in categories: health, particle physics, transportation

“Pamela” is an uncrewed surface vehicle (USV) developed as an entrepreneurial idea at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) for sampling a variety of surface water particles, from microplastic to plankton to salmon lice. The USV is a joint effort by an interdisciplinary team—Andrea Faltynkova, a Ph.D. candidate at the Department of Biology, and Artur Zolich, a postdoc at the Department of Engineering Cybernetics.

Faltynkova studies microplastics in the ocean. Microplastics are bits of plastic smaller than 5 mm, which is roughly the size of the end of a pencil. While researchers know that microplastics can have negative effects on marine or freshwater organisms, there’s less known about how they affect human health. But studying microplastics is a challenge because of the nature of the substance itself, she says.

“Microplastics are so heterogeneous. It’s a very large, diverse group of particles. Not only that but they are very unevenly distributed. Microplastic is not like other dissolved pollutants that can be detected even in small quantities of water or soil. If you go and you take a liter from the sea, and there’s no plastic in it, can you conclude that there is no plastic in the sea?” she asked.

Aug 5, 2022

Why aren’t neutrinos adding up?

Posted by in category: particle physics

In the two decades since short-baseline neutrino anomalies were first discovered, scientists have come up with several guesses about what might cause discrepancies.


Of all the known elementary particles, neutrinos probably give physicists the most headaches.

These tiny fundamental bits of matter are the second most common particle in the universe yet are anything but ordinary. Since their discovery, they have taunted scientists with bizarre behaviors, some of which physicists have yet to comprehend.

Continue reading “Why aren’t neutrinos adding up?” »

Aug 5, 2022

Futureseek Daily Link Review; 05 August 2022

Posted by in categories: cosmology, cybercrime/malcode, economics, mathematics, particle physics, quantum physics, robotics/AI, space travel, surveillance

* At Long Last, Mathematical Proof That Black Holes Are Stable * Who Gets to Work in the Digital Economy? * Mice produce rat sperm with technique that could help conservation.

* Quantum computer can simulate infinitely many chaotic particles * Radar / AI & ML: Scaling False Peaks * Cyber security for the human world | George Loukas | TEDx.

Continue reading “Futureseek Daily Link Review; 05 August 2022” »

Aug 4, 2022

Quantum computer can simulate infinitely many chaotic particles

Posted by in categories: computing, particle physics, quantum physics

Using just a handful of quantum bits, researchers have used a quantum computer to simulate an infinite line of electron-like particles. The technique could be used to better understand the behaviour of molecules in materials.

Aug 4, 2022

High-resolution laser resonances of antiprotonic helium in superfluid 4He

Posted by in category: particle physics

😳!


The spectral lines of antiprotonic helium atoms are shown to retain their sub-gigahertz linewidth upon submersion in a bath of superfluid helium, enabling the hyperfine structure to be resolved.

Aug 4, 2022

Building decarbonization: How electric heat pumps could help reduce emissions today and going forward

Posted by in categories: nanotechnology, particle physics, solar power, sustainability

The electrification of heating systems could play a significant role in building decarbonization. Heat pumps are emerging as a solution.


Iranian scientists have demonstrated a multi-layer silicon nanoparticle (SNP) solar cell based on nanoparticles that are densely stacked inside a dielectric medium. They considered different SNP structures and configurations to tailor these particles as a p–n junction cell.