๐๐ฅ๐ค๐ฃ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฃ๐๐จ ๐๐๐ฃ๐ฉ ๐๐ฉ ๐ฉ๐๐ ๐๐ง๐๐๐๐ฃ๐จ ๐ค๐ ๐๐๐ช๐ง๐ค๐ฃ๐จ ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐ฉ๐๐๐ง ๐พ๐๐ก๐ก๐จ
A new study of gene expression in sponges reveals the complex diversity of their cells as well as some possibly ancient connections between the nervous, immune and digestive systems.
Taking a daily multivitamin for 3 years is associated with a 60% slower cognitive aging, with the effects particularly pronounced in patients with cardiovascular (CVD) disease, new research suggests.
In addition to testing the effect of a daily multivitamin on cognition, the COSMOS-Mind study also examined the effect of cocoa flavonols, but showed no beneficial effect.
The results โmay have important public health implications, particularly for brain health, given the availability of multivitamins and minerals and their low cost and safety,โ said research researcher Laura D. Baker, PhD, professor, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
Unusual clusters on neurons are calcium-signaling โhotspotsโ that activate gene transcription, allowing neurons to produce crucial proteins.
For 30 years, mysterious clusters of proteins found on the cell body of neurons in the hippocampus, a part of the brain, both intrigued and baffled James Trimmer.
Now, the distinguished professor of physiology and membrane biology at the UC Davis School of Medicine may finally have an answer. In a new study published in PNAS, Trimmer and his colleagues reveal these protein clusters are calcium signaling โhotspotsโ in the neuron that play a crucial role in activating gene transcription.
The Neuro-Network.
๐๐๐ฌ ๐ฃ๐๐ช๐ง๐ค๐จ๐๐๐๐ฃ๐๐ ๐จ๐ฉ๐ช๐๐ฎ ๐๐๐ฃ๐๐จ ๐ฃ๐๐๐๐๐๐ค๐ง๐๐ค๐ค๐ ๐๐๐จ๐๐๐ซ๐๐ฃ๐ฉ๐๐๐ ๐๐จ ๐ก๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐ ๐ฉ๐ค ๐๐ก๐ฉ๐๐ง๐๐ ๐๐ง๐๐๐ฃ ๐ข๐๐ฉ๐ช๐ง๐๐ฉ๐๐ค๐ฃ ๐๐ฃ ๐๐๐ค๐ก๐๐จ๐๐๐ฃ๐๐
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๐๐ฆ๐ธ ๐ณ๐ฆ๐ด๐ฆ๐ข๐ณ๐ค๐ฉ ๐ฑ๐ถ๐ฃ๐ญ๐ช๐ด๐ฉ๐ฆ๐ฅ ๐ช๐ฏ ๐๐ฆ๐ท๐ฆ๐ญ๐ฐ๐ฑ๐ฎ๐ฆ๐ฏ๐ต๐ข๐ญ ๐๐ฐโฆ See more.
โOur results essentially showed the children who grew up in disadvantaged neighborhoods had brains that looked older than was typical for their age during early adolescenceโฆ Whatโs more, these associations held true even when we accounted for household socioeconomic status and other adversities (such as childhood abuse and neglect), which suggests that neighborhood disadvantage has a unique role to play in brain development.
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Phase 3 clinical trials of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are currently underway in the USA, Canada, and Israel.
These trials, led by the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), are the last step in figuring out if this treatment is safe and effective enough for MDMA to be legally prescribed to treat PTSD.
If thereโs a positive result from the trials, this could happen in the USA as soon as 2022.
Uncovering the mechanisms of learning via synaptic plasticity is a critical step towards understanding how our brains function and building truly intelligent, adaptive machines. Researchers from the University of Bern propose a new approach in which algorithms mimic biological evolution and learn efficiently through creative evolution.
Our brains are incredibly adaptive. Every day, we form new memories, acquire new knowledge, or refine existing skills. This stands in marked contrast to our current computers, which typically only perform pre-programmed actions. At the core of our adaptability lies synaptic plasticity. Synapses are the connection points between neurons, which can change in different ways depending on how they are used. This synaptic plasticity is an important research topic in neuroscience, as it is central to learning processes and memory. To better understand these brain processes and build adaptive machines, researchers in the fields of neuroscience and artificial intelligence (AI) are creating models for the mechanisms underlying these processes. Such models for learning and plasticity help to understand biological information processing and should also enable machines to learn faster.
This Perspective explores the potential of an approach to neuromorphic electronics in which the functional synaptic connectivity map of a mammalian neuronal network is copied using a silicon neuro-electronic interface and then pasted onto a high-density three-dimensional network of solid-state memories.