The billionaire’s Neuralink implant company wants to help restore people’s vision and mobility.
Category: neuroscience – Page 366
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Neuralink, Elon Musk’s brain-implant company, said on Thursday it had received a green light from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to kickstart its first in-human clinical study, a critical milestone after earlier struggles to gain approval.
Musk has predicted on at least four occasions since 2019 that his medical device company would begin human trials for a brain implant to treat severe conditions such as paralysis and blindness.
Implanted brain electrodes send signals that bypass damaged spinal cord area, using man’s thoughts to stimulate leg movement.
Scientists have found a way to restore the brain and spinal cord interface, developing an implantable device that enables paralyzed patient to stand and walk again.
A spinal cord injury (SCI) can be debilitating for some people, making it difficult for them to walk normally again. Some individuals may take weeks to recover their ability to walk after an injury, while others may take months or even suffer from paralysis.
This is mainly due to the SCI hindering communication between the brain and the region of the spinal cord responsible for limb movement.
In short blood dilution is very, very good for you.
In this talk, Dr. Irina Conboy discusses the role of repair and regeneration in lifespan and healthspan, contending that these factors, rather than entropy and time progression, truly govern our aging process. She describes the research her team is pursuing, investigating whether improving the efficiency of bodily repair in older individuals could effectively make them younger. She suggests that biological age could potentially be reversed and discusses heterochronic parabiosis and plasma dilution as potential ways to accomplish that. Conboy highlights recent research suggesting that old blood has a greater impact on cellular health and function than young blood. She presents her team’s experimental research on the rejuvenation effects of plasma dilution, demonstrating its significant impact on reducing senescence, neuroinflammation, and promoting neurogenesis in the brains of old mice.
00:00:00 — Importance of repair and regeneration in aging.
00:04:45 — Young blood vs. old blood, heterochronic parabiosis.
00:10:17 — Plasma dilution is key.
00:15:49 — Kiana Aran’s blood heterochronicity on a chip.
00:17:56 — The role of senescence in parabiosis and blood exchange.
00:27:53 — Measurements of biological age.
00:36:57 — Systemic calibration is globally rejuvenative.
00:37:30 — Conclusions.
About the Speaker:
Irina Conboy is a Professor at the University of California, Berkeley in the Department of Bioengineering. Her discovery of the rejuvenating effects of young blood through parabiosis in a seminal paper published in Nature in 2005 paved the way for a thriving field of rejuvenation biology. The Conboy lab currently focuses on broad rejuvenation of tissue maintenance and repair, stem cell niche engineering, elucidating the mechanisms underlying muscle stem cell aging, directed organogenesis, and making CRISPR a therapeutic reality.
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Whole Brain Emulation
Posted in existential risks, mapping, neuroscience, robotics/AI
I had an amazing experience at the Foresight Institute’s Whole-Brain Emulation (WBE) Workshop at a venue near Oxford! For more information and a list of participants, see: https://foresight.org/whole-brain-emulation-workshop-2023/ I had the opportunity to work within a group of some of the most brilliant, ambitious, and visionary people I’ve ever encountered on the quest for recreating the human brain in a computer. We also discussed in depth the existential risks of upcoming artificial superintelligence and how to mitigate these risks, perhaps with the aid of WBE.
My subgroup focused on exploring the challenge of human connectomics (mapping all of the neurons and synapses in the brain).
WBE is a potential technology to generate software intelligence that is human-aligned simply by being based directly on human brains. Generally past discussions have assumed a fairly long timeline to WBE, while past AGI timelines had broad uncertainty. There were also concerns that the neuroscience of WBE might boost AGI capability development without helping safety, although no consensus did develop. Recently many people have updated their AGI timelines towards earlier development, raising safety concerns. That has led some people to consider whether WBE development could be significantly speeded up, producing a differential technology development re-ordering of technology arrival that might lessen the risk of unaligned AGI by the presence of aligned software intelligence.
New experiments show that the brain distinguishes between perceived and imagined mental images by checking whether they cross a “reality threshold.”
Scientists stimulated the brains of macaque monkeys in an effort to determine which areas are responsible for driving consciousness.
A paralysed man has regained the ability to walk smoothly using only his thoughts for the first time, researchers said on Wednesday, thanks to two implants that restored communication between brain and spinal cord.
The patient Gert-Jan, who did not want to reveal his surname, said the breakthrough had given him “a freedom that I did not have” before.
The 40-year-old Dutchman has been paralysed in his legs for more than a decade after suffering a spinal cord injury during a bicycle accident.
From underground exploration to brain science and air-traffic control, the sensing potential of quantum devices is enormous. But they must first get out of the laboratory.