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Category: neuroscience – Page 362

Ethics, AI, and Neuroscience Converge at Mental Health, Brain, and Behavioral Science Research Day

Mental health issues are one of the most common causes of disability, affecting more than a billion people worldwide. Addressing mental health difficulties can present extraordinarily tough problems: what can providers do to help people in the most precarious situations? How do changes in the physical brain affect our thoughts and experiences? And at the end of the day, how can everyone get the care they need?

Answering those questions was the shared goal of the researchers who attended the Mental Health, Brain, and Behavioral Science Research Day in September. While the problems they faced were serious, the new solutions they started to build could ultimately help improve mental health care at individual and societal levels.

“We’re building something that there’s no blueprint for,” said Mark Rapaport, MD, CEO of Huntsman Mental Health Institute at the University of Utah. “We’re developing new and durable ways of addressing some of the most difficult issues we face in society.”

‘World’s first’ graphene brain chip implanted in a cancer patient

A Spain-based startup has successfully demonstrated the capability of its graphene-based brain-computer interface (BCI) to perform precise tumor surgery.

INBRAIN Neuroelectronics, a company specializing in brain-computer interface therapies, successfully implanted its cortical interface in a human patient.

As per the press statement, this is the “world’s first human procedure of its cortical interface in a patient undergoing brain tumor resection.”

A Person’s Intelligence Limits their Computer Proficiency More than Previously Thought, say Researchers

A new study has found that intelligence, in the form of general cognitive abilities such as perception, thinking and remembering, is more important than hitherto thought at predicting a person’s ability to complete common tasks with a PC. The study was published in the International Journal of Human-Computer Studies in August 2024.

“Our research findings are the first clear proof that cognitive abilities have a significant, independent and wide-ranging effect on people’s ability to use a computer. Contrary to what was previously thought, cognitive abilities are as important as previous experience of computer use,” says Aalto University’s Professor Antti Oulasvirta, who studied human-computer interaction extensively with his team.

The findings have implications for digital equality, say the researchers, because everyday user interfaces have simply become too complex to use. Practice alone is no longer enough, with intelligence becoming an equally critical factor in predicting performance in computer tasks.

The complex affective and cognitive capacities of rats

For several decades, although studies of rat physiology and behavior have abounded, research on rat emotions has been limited in scope to fear, anxiety, and pain. Converging evidence for the capacity of many species to share others’ affective states has emerged, sparking interest in the empathic capacities of rats. Recent research has demonstrated that rats are a highly cooperative species and are motivated by others’ distress to prosocial actions, such as opening a door or pulling a chain to release trapped conspecifics. Studies of rat affect, cognition, and neural function provide compelling evidence that rats have some capacity to represent others’ needs, to instrumentally act to improve their well-being, and are thus capable of forms of targeted helping. Rats’ complex abilities raise the importance of integrating new measures of rat well-being into scientific research.

[Part 1] Inside the Loop: Decoding the Mystery of Self-Awareness in Cognitive Systems

“The only journey is the one within”

Rainer Maria Rilke

Feedback loops within a system can generate seemingly contradictory or paradoxical relationships. A cognitive system might have an internal model of its mental processes, which influences its decision-making and behavior. This internal model then becomes part of the system’s overall state, creating a recursive loop where the system’s representation of itself affects its own behavior.

Bridging the Gap: How Quantum Physics Supports Metaphysical Science and Why the Scientific Community Should Embrace This Integration

In the ever-evolving landscape of scientific discovery, certain paradigms periodically challenge the established norms, compelling us to reconsider the boundaries of what we deem as ‘science.’ One such paradigm is the intersection of quantum physics and metaphysical science. Despite skepticism, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that these two fields are not only compatible but also complementary. This blog delves into how quantum physics supports metaphysical science and argues for its integration into mainstream scientific discourse, underpinned by historical precedents.

“The day science begins to study non-physical phenomena; it will make more progress in one decade than in all the previous centuries of its existence.” — Nikola Tesla

Quantum physics, the study of particles at the smallest scales of energy levels, has fundamentally altered our understanding of reality. The principles of quantum mechanics, such as superposition, entanglement, and wave-particle duality, have revealed a universe far more intricate and interconnected than classical physics ever suggested. These concepts resonate profoundly with metaphysical science, which explores the nature of reality, consciousness, and existence beyond the physical.

Quantum collapse holds the key to consciousness

Consciousness is famously unobservable. Therefore, to test for consciousness, we must study its absence rather than its presence. Stuart Hameroff here argues that by studying anesthesia we are able to understand what goes away in the brain when the light of consciousness is switched off. Hameroff finds the answer in quantum processes in the brain – recent studies suggest he is onto something.

This article is presented in association with Closer To Truth, a partner for HowTheLightGetsIn Festival 2024. The festival will feature the debate ‘The Consciousness Test’, featuring Sabine Hossenfelder, Yoshua Bengio, Nick Lane and Hilary Lawson.

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