Explore the theory that some black holes might be hidden wormholes, offering shortcuts through space-time. Discover how scientists aim to detect them.
Category: cosmology – Page 92
Thermodynamics of frozen stars
New study suggests that black holes may not be the featureless, structureless entities that Einstein’s general theory of relativity predicts them to be.
The frozen star is a recent proposal for a nonsingular solution of Einstein’s equations that describes an ultracompact object which closely resembles a black hole from an external perspective. The frozen star is also meant to be an alternative, classical description of an earlier proposal, the highly quantum polymer model. Here, we show that the thermodynamic properties of frozen stars closely resemble those of black holes: frozen stars radiate thermally, with a temperature and an entropy that are perturbatively close to those of black holes of the same mass. Their entropy is calculated using the Euclidean-action method of Gibbons and Hawking. We then discuss their dynamical formation by estimating the probability for a collapsing shell of “normal’’ matter to transition, quantum mechanically, into a frozen star.
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Bubbling, frothing and sloshing: Long-Hypothesized Plasma Instabilities Finally Observed
Results could aid understanding of how black holes produce vast intergalactic jets. Scientists have observed new details of how plasma interacts with magnetic fields, potentially providing insight into the formation of enormous plasma jets that stretch between the stars.
Whether between galaxies or within doughnut-shaped fusion devices known as tokamaks, the electrically charged fourth state of matter known as plasma regularly encounters powerful magnetic fields, changing shape and sloshing in space. Now, a new measurement technique using protons, subatomic particles that form the nuclei of atoms, has captured details of this sloshing for the first time, potentially providing insight into the formation of enormous plasma jets that stretch between the stars.
Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) created detailed pictures of a magnetic field bending outward because of the pressure created by expanding plasma. As the plasma pushed on the magnetic field, bubbling and frothing known as magneto-Rayleigh Taylor instabilities arose at the boundaries, creating structures resembling columns and mushrooms.
Transcendence: Many seek a path to enlightenment through study and meditation, but what does science tell us about transcendence?
And could entire civilizations seek to leave this reality behind?
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Credits:
Transcendence.
Episode 465; September 19, 2024
Written, Produced \& Narrated by: Isaac Arthur.
Editors:
Dillon Ollander.
John M Smart.
Graphics:
Jeremy Jozwik.
Ken York.
Sergio Botero.
Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images.
Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator
Entire Swarm of Black Holes Detected Moving Through The Milky Way
I find it weird that black holes would be moving throughout the galaxy because most are stationary.
A fluffy cluster of stars spilling across the sky may have a secret hidden in its heart: a swarm of over 100 stellar-mass black holes.
The star cluster in question is called Palomar 5. It’s a stellar stream that stretches out across 30,000 light-years, and is located around 80,000 light-years away.
Such globular clusters are often considered ‘fossils’ of the early Universe. They’re very dense and spherical, typically containing roughly 100,000 to 1 million very old stars; some, like NGC 6397, are nearly as old as the Universe itself.
Mysterious Signal Hints at The Smallest Black Hole Ever Detected
A star wiggling oddly around in space may be the signpost to one of the most sought-after objects in the galaxy.
Some 5,825 light-years from Earth, a red giant star has been spotted moving as though in a slow orbital dance with a binary companion. The problem? There’s absolutely no light coming from the place where the binary companion should be.
It gets more interesting. Based on the behavior of the red giant, astronomers led by Song Wang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have determined that the mass of the invisible object is just 3.6 times the mass of the Sun. There’s only one thing it could be: a black hole, one with a petite size that’s smack bang in the middle of a mysterious void in the data known as the lower mass gap.
Roger Penrose: Time, Black Holes, and the Cosmos
Nobel Laureate Roger Penrose joins Brian Greene to explore some of his most iconic insights into the nature of time, black holes, and cosmological evolution.
Moderator: Brian Greene.
Participant: Sir Roger Penrose.
00:00 — Introduction.
00:49 — Participant Introduction.
02:02 — A Working Definition of Time.
07:25 — Applying Entropy and The Second Law to the Directionality of Time.
16:37 — What The Early Universe May Have Looked Like.
20:27 — Solving the Puzzle of The Past Hypothesis.
31:46 — Investigating Exponential Expansion.
38:50 — New Discoveries and Discourse Since 2004
55:41 — A Peek Into Sir Roger Penrose’s Continuing Research.
01:08:17 — Credits.
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