Scientists used antimony atoms to improve quantum computing by making qubits more stable, like a quantum cat, and error-resistant.
Category: computing – Page 253
How to store data on DNA?
Can a file be stored on DNA? What would be the advantages of such storage? And what developments can we expect in the future? All these answers in 12 minutes!
0:00 — Introduction.
2:00 — Inspiration from life, DNA
3:24 — Storing files.
7:35 — A technology under development.
10:51 — Conclusion.
Video produced for EchoSciences Sud Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur https://www.echosciences-paca.fr with CNRS research director Marc Antonini (I3S — CNRS/UCA). Based on an original idea by Play Azur Prod. Video coordinated by Gulliver https://www.gulliver-sciences.fr and Play Azur Prod: https://playazur-prod.fr/
Calculations and sources of the figures :
0:42: https://lejournal.cnrs.fr/articles/pe…
0:46: 100ZB for an ADSL speed of 20Mb/s = 1.2 billion years.
0:54: DVD of 1.2mm and 8.5GB, approximately 1013 DVD for 100ZB or 12 million km.
1:04: https://www.nature.com/articles/s4154…
1:12: https://www.arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gspub… / https://www.carbone4.com/analyse-faq–…
1:18: https://datacentrereview.com/2022/01/.…
2:21: human genome of 3 billion base pairs, not including redundancies = 6Gb ~ 1GB
2:34: https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-huma…
2:56: ~10µm core containing ~1GB: 1015GB/m^3. SD card of ~100mm^3 containing 1TB: 1010GB/m^3
6:35: Capsule of ~100mm^3 and compactness 1PB/mm^3 (https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/s…) ~ 100PB. Disk of 1TB and 100cm^3: compactness ratio of 108
6:39: For 100‑1000 ZB, need 1000–100000 capsules of 100mm^3 each containing 10-100PB, i.e. a volume of 100-10000cm^3 ~ shoebox.
11:45: https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt862
This video is narrated by Octave Masson.
Scientists engineer CRISPR enzymes that evade the immune system
The core components of CRISPR-based genome-editing therapies are bacterial proteins called nucleases that can stimulate unwanted immune responses in people, increasing the chances of side effects and making these therapies potentially less effective.
Researchers at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and Cyrus Biotechnology have now engineered two CRISPR nucleases, Cas9 and Cas12, to mask them from the immune system. The team identified protein sequences on each nuclease that trigger the immune system and used computational modeling to design new versions that evade immune recognition. The engineered enzymes had similar gene-editing efficiency and reduced immune responses compared to standard nucleases in mice.
Appearing today in Nature Communications, the findings could help pave the way for safer, more efficient gene therapies. The study was led by Feng Zhang, a core institute member at the Broad and an Investigator at the McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT.
Quantum computer efficiently suppresses errors with two different correction codes
Computers also make mistakes. These are usually suppressed by technical measures or detected and corrected during the calculation. In quantum computers, this involves some effort, as no copy can be made of an unknown quantum state. This means that the state cannot be saved multiple times during the calculation and an error cannot be detected by comparing these copies.
Inspired by classical computer science, quantum physics has developed a different method in which the quantum information is distributed across several entangled quantum bits and stored redundantly in this way. How this is done is defined in so-called correction codes.
In 2022, a team led by Thomas Monz from the Department of Experimental Physics at the University of Innsbruck and Markus Müller from the Department of Quantum Information at RWTH Aachen and the Peter Grünberg Institute at Forschungszentrum Jülich in Germany implemented a universal set of operations on fault-tolerant quantum bits, demonstrating how an algorithm can be programmed on a quantum computer so that errors can be corrected efficiently.
Quantum Computers Just Got Smarter With Dual-Code Error Correction
A team of physicists has introduced an innovative error-correction method for quantum computers, enabling them to switch error correction codes on-the-fly to manage complex computations more effectively and with fewer errors.
Error Correction in Quantum Computing
Computers can make mistakes, but in classical systems, these errors are usually detected and corrected using various technical methods. Quantum computers, however, face a unique challenge — quantum states cannot be copied. This limitation means that errors cannot be identified by comparing multiple saved copies, as is done in classical computing.
Study demonstrates integration of 1,024 silicon quantum dots with on-chip electronics all operating at low temperatures
Quantum computers have the potential of outperforming classical computers on some optimization tasks. Yet scaling up quantum computers leveraging existing fabrication processes while also maintaining good performances and energy-efficiencies has so far proved challenging, which in turn limits their widespread adoption.
Researchers at Quantum Motion in London recently demonstrated the integration of 1,024 independent silicon quantum dots with on-chip digital and analog electronics, to produce a quantum computing system that can operate at extremely low temperatures. This system, outlined in a paper published in Nature Electronics, links properties of devices at cryogenic temperatures with those observed at room temperature, opening new possibilities for the development of silicon qubit-based technologies.
“As quantum processors grow in complexity, new challenges arise such as the management of device variability and the interface with supporting electronics,” Edward J. Thomas, Virginia N. Ciriano-Tejel and their colleagues wrote in their paper.
Physicists propose ‘bridge’ strategy to stabilize quantum networks
While entangled photons hold incredible promise for quantum computing and communications, they have a major inherent disadvantage. After one use, they simply disappear.
In a new study, Northwestern University physicists propose a new strategy to maintain communications in a constantly changing, unpredictable quantum network. By rebuilding these disappearing connections, the researchers found the network eventually settles into a stable—albeit different—state.
The key resides in adding a sufficient number of connections to ensure the network continues to function, the researchers found. Adding too many connections comes with a high cost, overburdening the resources. But adding too few connections results in a fragmented network that cannot satisfy the user demand.