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When the COVID-19 pandemic struck and work was forced to go remote, services like Zoom and Microsoft Teams rose to the occasion to keep people connected and work ongoing. For many, work turned into a series of online meetings to be attended day after day.
Blood pressure genetic risk score can predict risk of heart attacks and stroke.
Nearly half of all American adults have elevated blood pressure or hypertension and high blood pressure contributes to 65 percent of cardiovascular deaths in the US. Now researchers at University of Alabama at Birmingham have used genomic information to create a blood pressure “genetic risk score”.
Longevity. Technology: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and is responsible for a significant burden of morbidity and mortality. As people age, their risk of developing CVD increases, making it a major contributor to the morbidity and mortality associated with aging. That there is a pressing need for research into CVD in order to identify effective strategies for prevention and treatment would seem obvious, but this research is particularly important as the global population is aging and the prevalence of CVD is expected to rise with it. However, having such an enormous number of people at risk brings extra problems – how can risks be quantified and determined on an individual basis? The answer could lie in understanding and leveraging genetic data.
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Professor Carmit Levy. Credit: Tel Aviv University.
Professor Carmit Levy from the Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry and Dr. Yftach Gepner from the School of Public Health and the Sylvan Adams Sports Institute at TAU’s Sackler Faculty of Medicine conducted the study. Prof. Levy notes that the new research has resulted in a very important discovery by merging scientific know-how from different schools at TAU, which may help avoid metastatic cancer, Israel’s top cause of death. The study was recently published on the cover of the journal of Cancer Research.
Prof. Levy and Dr. Gepner: “Studies have demonstrated that physical exercise reduces the risk for some types of cancer by up to 35%. This positive effect is similar to the impact of exercise on other conditions, such as heart disease and diabetes. In this study we added new insight, showing that high-intensity aerobic exercise, which derives its energy from sugar, can reduce the risk of metastatic cancer by as much as 72%. If so far the general message to the public has been ‘be active, be healthy’, now we can explain how aerobic activity can maximize the prevention of the most aggressive and metastatic types of cancer.”
Almost every patient who gets myeloma and is treated with a standard therapy also experiences relapse. But researchers have developed an antibody therapy that triggers the immune system to destroy these cancer cells. The bispecific antibody can bind to T cells and multiple myeloma cells at once, to kill the cancer. This immunotherapy, called talquetamab, was astonishingly effective, and worked in about 73 percent of patients who were treated with the drug in two clinical trials. The treatment even helped for a patient who had a cancer that resisted all therapies that have been approved for multiple myeloma.
Talquetamab takes advantage of a receptor on myeloma cells called GPRC5D, and CD3, a complex and co-receptor on the surface of T cells. Anti-CD3 antibodies have long been known to cause the activation of T cells. Mouse studies showed that talquetamab can recruit and activate CD3-positive T-cells, which inhibits the formation and growth of tumors.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers aging to be a natural process. This makes it difficult to get FDA approval for drugs that seek to slow or reverse the biological process of aging. Instead, drugs intended to target aging must target a disease that often results from the aging process in order to demonstrate efficacy and gain approval.
But there is growing consensus and effort among scientists to convince the FDA that aging itself should be classified as a disease and an appropriate target for drug development.
What is your cough trying to tell you? Our expert, family medicine specialist Alex Gusler, M.D., weighs in.
As the hardest tissue in the human body, enamel is not an easy material for engineers to mimic, but doing so could mean big things in materials science and regenerative medicine. Researchers are now reporting a breakthrough in this area, by tweaking the composition of a naturally occurring mineral to emulate the microstructure of natural enamel in a new type of dental coating, and do so in a way that offers even greater strength.
Carried out by scientists in Russia and Egypt, the newly developed dental coating uses hydroxyapatite as a starting point. This compound is the primary component in bone tissue and mineralized tissues in humans and animals.
The researchers doped the hydroxyapatite with a complex of amino acids that naturally aid in the repair of bone and muscle structures, such as lysine and arginine, resulting in a mineralized layer with properties resembling the main component of natural enamel. The material was then applied to healthy teeth, so the team could observe its ability to bind to real dental tissue.
Robots are moving up in the world. Labor shortages and rising wage costs are breathing life into a new generation of robots that can handle a growing number of tasks, from delivering pizza to sorting prescription drugs, fixing a tire or providing room service in a hotel.
The reason your three-pound brain doesn’t feel heavy is that it floats in a reservoir of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which flows in and around your brain and spinal cord. This liquid barrier between your brain and skull protects it from a hit to your head and bathes your brain in nutrients.
