Criticism of a recent video denouncing resveratrol.
Following Doctor Brad Stanfield’s latest ‘why I stopped video’, this last one about resveratrol and pterostilbene, many of you asked for my opinion, well here it is.
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Humans are distinguished from other species by several aspects of cognition. While much comparative evolutionary neuroscience has focused on the neocortex, increasing recognition of the cerebellum’s role in cognition and motor processing has inspired considerable new research. Comparative molecular studies, however, generally continue to focus on the neocortex. We sought to characterize potential genetic regulatory traits distinguishing the human cerebellum by undertaking genome-wide epigenetic profiling of the lateral cerebellum, and compared this to the prefrontal cortex of humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus macaque monkeys. We found that humans showed greater differential CpG methylation–an epigenetic modification of DNA that can reflect past or present gene expression–in the cerebellum than the prefrontal cortex, highlighting the importance of this structure in human brain evolution. Humans also specifically show methylation differences at genes involved in neurodevelopment, neuroinflammation, synaptic plasticity, and lipid metabolism. These differences are relevant for understanding processes specific to humans, such as extensive plasticity, as well as pronounced and prevalent neurodegenerative conditions associated with aging.
Citation: Guevara EE, Hopkins WD, Hof PR, Ely JJ, Bradley BJ, Sherwood CC (2021) Comparative analysis reveals distinctive epigenetic features of the human cerebellum. PLoS Genet 17: e1009506. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.
Editor: Takashi Gojobori, National Institute of Genetics, JAPAN.
If a key process for the production of coronavirus proteins is disrupted, viral replication in infected cells can be significantly reduced.
In our new HVP COVID Report, Dr. Nick Jackson from CEPI discuss second-generation COVID-19 vaccines and preparing for the next pandemic.
A handful of companies are trying vastly different approaches to spin animal studies into the next big anti-aging therapy.
To survive 7000 metres below the surface of the sea, the Yap hadal snailfish has evolved advanced mechanisms for repairing its DNA and safeguarding its proteins.
A research group in Germany has presented a possible explanation for why the AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccines sometimes trigger rare blood-clotting events.
The CEO of Pfizer says that people who got the company’s version of the COVID-19 vaccine will likely need a booster shot within a year.
Albert Bourla made the announcement in an interview with CNBC correspondent Bertha Coombs that was filmed two weeks ago and released publicly on Thursday.
“Likely scenarios is there will likely be a need for a third dose somewhere between six and 12 months and then from there, there will be an annual vaccination,” says Bourla.
They are getting about 30 infections a day, down from 3000 in the January peak.
The US is following, and we are close to our old minimum (not counting initial run-up) of 600 deaths a day (last July).
Visit the COVID-19 Information Center for vaccine resources.
Scientists from the Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research at Osaka University have used machine-learning methods to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in data collected when tiny spheres are passed through microscopic nanopores cut into silicon substrates. This work may lead to much more sensitive data collection when sequencing DNA or detecting small concentrations of pathogens.
Miniaturization has opened the possibility for a wide range of diagnostic tools, such as point-of-care detection of diseases, to be performed quickly and with very small samples. For example, unknown particles can be analyzed by passing them through nanopores and recording tiny changes in the electrical current. However, the intensity of these signals can be very low, and is often buried under random noise. New techniques for extracting the useful information are clearly needed.
Now, scientists from Osaka University have used deep learning to “denoise” nanopore data. Most machine learning methods need to be trained with many “clean” examples before they can interpret noisy datasets. However, using a technique called Noise2Noise, which was originally developed for enhancing images, the team was able to improve resolution of noisy runs even though no clean data was available. Deep neural networks, which act like layered neurons in the brain, were utilized to reduce the interference in the data.
