The cosmological constant is the mathematical description of the energy that drives the ever-accelerating expansion of the cosmos. It’s also the source of one of the most enduring and confounding problems in modern physics.
The constant’s observed value is fundamentally at odds with quantum field theory (QFT), the leading theory describing the elementary particles and forces that make up the universe. QFT predicts that quantum fluctuations in the vacuum of space should make the value of the constant enormous—practically infinite. But its observed value is a tiny fraction of that prediction.
Researchers at Brown University have proposed a provocative new answer for why that is.
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