Cleveland Clinic researchers have discovered a connection between elevated blood levels of TMAO (trimethylamine N-oxide)—a byproduct of gut bacteria digestion of nutrients found in red meat and other animal products—and a higher risk of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

The findings, published in JAMA Cardiology, suggest that TMAO may play a role in the development, progression, and severity of this life-threatening condition, including faster rates of aneurysm expansion and greater risk for needing surgery.

“These results suggest targeting TMAO levels may help prevent and treat aneurysmal disease beyond surgery,” said lead author Scott Cameron, M.D., section head of Vascular Medicine at Cleveland Clinic.