Scientists have been studying a fascinating material called uranium ditelluride (UTe₂), which becomes a superconductor at low temperatures.
Superconductors can carry electricity without any resistance, and UTe₂ is special because it might belong to a rare type called spin-triplet superconductors. These materials are not only resistant to magnetic fields but could also host exotic quantum states useful for future technologies.
However, one big mystery remained: what is the symmetry of UTe₂’s superconducting state? This symmetry determines how electrons pair up and move through the material. To solve this puzzle, researchers used a highly sensitive tool called a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) with a superconducting tip. They found unique signals—zero-energy surface states—that helped them compare different theoretical possibilities.
Their results suggest that UTe₂ is a nonchiral superconductor, meaning its electron pairs don’t have a preferred handedness (like left-or right-handedness). Instead, the data points to one of three possible symmetries (B₁ᵤ, B₂ᵤ, or B₃ᵤ), with B₃ᵤ being the most likely if electrons scatter in a particular way along one axis.
This discovery brings scientists closer to understanding UTe₂’s unusual superconducting behavior, which could one day help in designing more robust quantum materials.
UTe₂ currently operates at very low temperatures (~1.6 K), so raising its critical temperature is a major goal.
Scaling up production and integrating it into devices will require further material engineering.
While still in the research phase, UTe₂’s unique properties make it a strong candidate for revolutionizing quantum technologies, medical devices, and energy systems in the coming decades.
Note: UTe₂ is a spin-triplet superconductor, a rare class where electron pairs align in a way that could support Majorana modes at defects or edges.
Recent experiments detected zero-energy states, a possible signature of Majorana fermions.
If confirmed, this could make UTe₂ a key material for topological quantum devices.
A research study led by Oxford University has developed a powerful new technique for finding the next generation of materials needed for large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computing. This could end a decades-long search for inexpensive materials that can host unique quantum particles, ultimately facilitating mass production of quantum computers. The results have been published this week in the journal Science.
Quantum computers could unlock unprecedented computational power far beyond current supercomputers. However, the performance of quantum computers is currently limited, due to interactions with the environment degrading the quantum properties (known as ‘quantum decoherence’). Physicists have been searching for materials resistant to quantum decoherence for decades, but the search has proved experimentally challenging.
In this new study, researchers from the Davis Group at Oxford University have demonstrated a highly effective new technique to identify such materials, referred to as topological superconductors.