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First successful demonstration of quantum error correction of qudits for quantum computers

In the world of quantum computing, the Hilbert space dimension—the measure of the number of quantum states that a quantum computer can access—is a prized possession. Having a larger Hilbert space allows for more complex quantum operations and plays a crucial role in enabling quantum error correction (QEC), essential for protecting quantum information from noise and errors.

A recent study by researchers from Yale University published in Nature created qudits—a that holds and can exist in more than two states. Using a qutrit (3-level quantum system) and a ququart (4-level quantum system), the researchers demonstrated the first-ever experimental for higher-dimensional quantum units using the Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill (GKP) bosonic code.

Most quantum computers on the market usually process information using quantum states called qubits—fundamental units similar to a bit in a regular computer that can exist in two well-defined states, up and down and also both 0 and 1 at the same time, due to quantum superposition. The Hilbert space of a single qubit is a two-dimensional complex vector space.

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