Lenacapavir, a twice yearly injection that prevents HIV transmission, was named the breakthrough medicine of 2024. But without US foreign aid dollars, its delivery to millions worldwide is under threat.
Since their invention, traditional computers have almost always relied on semiconductor chips that use binary “bits” of information represented as strings of 1’s and 0’s. While these chips have become increasingly powerful and simultaneously smaller, there is a physical limit to the amount of information that can be stored on this hardware. Quantum computers, by comparison, utilize “qubits” (quantum bits) to exploit the strange properties exhibited by subatomic particles, often at extremely cold temperatures.
Two qubits can hold four values at any given time, with more qubits translating to an exponential increase in calculating capabilities. This allows a quantum computer to process information at speeds and scales that make today’s supercomputers seem almost antiquated. Last December, for example, Google unveiled an experimental quantum computer system that researchers say takes just five minutes to finish a calculation that would take most supercomputers over 10 septillion years to complete—longer than the age of the universe as we understand it.
But Google’s Quantum Processing Unit (QPU) is based on different technology than Microsoft’s Majorana 1 design, detailed in a paper published on February 19 in the journal Nature. The result of over 17 years of design and research, Majorana 1 relies on what the company calls “topological qubits” through the creation of topological superconductivity, a state of matter previously conceptualized but never documented.
Neural technologies are adopting bio-inspired designs to enhance biointegration and functionality. This review maps the growing field of bio-inspired electronics and discusses recent developments in tissue-like bioelectronics, from soft interfaces to ‘biohybrid’ and ‘all-living’ platforms.
Materials are needed that can form stable interfaces with neurons, and soft materials are the most promising for this. Here, the advantages and challenges associated with neural interfaces using hydrogels, particularly conductive hydrogels, are discussed.
Researchers have engineered groups of robots that behave as smart materials with tunable shape and strength, mimicking living systems. “We’ve figured out a way for robots to behave more like a material,” said Matthew Devlin, a former doctoral researcher in the lab of University of California, Santa Barbara (USCB) mechanical engineering professor Elliot Hawkes, and the lead author of the article published in the journal Science.
Composed of individual, disk-shaped autonomous robots that look like small hockey pucks, the members of the collective are programmed to assemble themselves together into various forms with different material strengths.
One challenge of particular interest to the research team was creating a robotic material that could both be stiff and strong, yet be able to flow when a new form is needed. “Robotic materials should be able to take a shape and hold it” Hawkes explained, “but also able to selectively flow themselves into a new shape.” However, when robots are strongly held to each other in a group, it was not possible to reconfigure the group in a way that can flow and change shape at will. Until now.
It’s barely been two years since OpenAI’s ChatGPT was released for public use, inviting anyone on the internet to collaborate with an artificial mind on anything from poetry to school assignments to letters to their landlord.
Today, the famous large language model (LLM) is just one of several leading programs that appear convincingly human in their responses to basic queries.
That uncanny resemblance may extend further than intended, with researchers from Israel now finding LLMs suffer a form of cognitive decline that increases with age just as we do.
A new discovery in physics and digital technology has identified a new magnetic phase that’s being called altermagnetism’ and it has incredible implications.
Using a superconducting circuit, they demonstrated a method to bypass an intermediate energy state without directly interacting with it—an advancement that could lead to more powerful and efficient quantum computing.
Performing computation using quantum-mechanical phenomena such as superposition and entanglement.
The immune system is essential for identifying and eliminating cancer cells. Cancer immunotherapy enhances this process by training immune cells to recognize and attack tumors. However, many cancers develop mechanisms to evade immune detection, leading to resistance to treatment. Understanding the molecular basis of this immune evasion is crucial for improving therapeutic strategies.
The tumor microenvironment (TME)—the area surrounding a tumor—plays a pivotal role in interactions between cancer and immune cells. Cancer cells can manipulate the TME to suppress tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), the immune cells responsible for attacking tumors. Mitochondria, often called the “powerhouse of the cell,” generate energy for various cellular functions and play a key role in the metabolic reprogramming of both cancer cells and TILs. However, the exact mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction and its impact on the TME remain poorly understood.
Researchers have developed COK-47, a solid lubricant that outperforms traditional options by leveraging water molecules to reduce friction.
This advanced material consists of ultra-thin titanium oxide sheets that create a low-friction tribofilm in humid conditions, making it highly durable and effective.
Revolutionizing Lubricants with Cutting-Edge Research.