Scientists demonstrate that the protein QRICH1 limits T cell activation by inhibiting CARD11 signaling to NFkB after T cell receptor stimulation.
Read more in Science Immunology.
QRICH1 negatively regulates CD8+ T cell activation by fine-tuning CARD11 signaling to NF-κB.
A new study published in Cell Reports reveals a breakthrough discovery linking genetic variants in the gene ITSN1 to a significantly elevated risk of Parkinson’s disease, a neurodegenerative condition that affects nearly 2% of adults older than 65 years.
These findings were subsequently validated across three independent cohorts comprising more than 8,000 cases and 400,000 controls. Importantly, ITSN1 carriers trended toward earlier age of disease onset.
ITSN1 plays an important role in how neurons send messages to each other – a process called synaptic transmission – making it particularly relevant to Parkinson’s disease, a condition in which disruption of nerve signals leads to the typical symptoms of impaired gait and balance, tremors and rigidity. “We also showed in fruit flies that reducing ITSN1 levels worsens Parkinson’s-like features, including the ability to climb. We plan to extend these investigations to stem cell and mouse models,” the author said.
Interestingly, previous studies have recently implicated similar ITSN1 mutations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Other emerging data also have suggested an association between ASD and Parkinson’s disease, indicating that people with ASD are three times more likely to develop parkinsonism.
Peanut butter and jelly. Simon and Garfunkel. Semiconductors and bacteria. Some combinations are more durable than others. In recent years, an interdisciplinary team of Cornell researchers has been pairing microbes with the semiconductor nanocrystals known as quantum dots, with the goal of creating nano-biohybrid systems that can harvest sunlight to perform complex chemical transformations for materials and energy applications.
Now, the team has for the first time identified exactly what happens when a microbe receives an electron from a quantum dot: The charge can either follow a direct pathway or be transferred indirectly via the microbe’s shuttle molecules.
The findings are published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The lead author is Mokshin Suri.
Plymouth, Mich. – For six days, over 2,050 miles and through different climate zones to the Arctic Circle: On an unusual test drive, a Bosch development team successfully tested the new hydraulic brake-by-wire system from Bosch for the first time on public roads. What sets brake-by-wire apart: This solution completely eliminates the mechanical connection between the brake pedal and the brake system. The driver’s brake request is transmitted to the brake-by-wire system purely as an electrical signal via redundant signal lines. For this fundamentally new approach, Bosch offers a robust and efficient solution with two independent hydraulic brake actuators – a by-wire brake actuator and an ESP®. Today’s brake systems, such as the integrated power brake from Bosch, still ensure the required redundancy in the event of a fault via a mechanical connection to the brake pedal. This coupling via an input rod to the brake pedal is eliminated in the new Bosch brake-by-wire solution.
Advantages of the Bosch brake-by-wire system
New freedom in installation: Due to the omission of the mechanical connection, there is no longer any need to mount the brake system components at the vehicle’s firewall. Instead, the components can now be installed where it is most optimal in terms of crash safety, NVH, and manufacturing. The flexibility in choosing where to install the brake actuators helps to avoid the need for different variants for right-hand and left-hand drive vehicles. By-wire technology enables new pedal concepts with significantly shorter brake pedal travel to create space for new interior designs. The hydraulic brake-by-wire solution from Bosch is based on proven brake system technology and is a combination of a by-wire brake actuator and an ESP®. Its slim design saves installation space and reduces the weight of the brake system. Since both the by-wire brake actuator and the ESP® are assigned to different channels of the redundant electrical system, they can each independently build up the required brake pressure at all four wheel brakes in the event of a fault. Therefore, this Bosch solution is also suitable for highly automated vehicles, meeting the protection of the brake system required for safety reasons.
Michaela Leung: “Oxygen is currently difficult or impossible to detect on an Earth-like planet. However, methyl halides on Hycean worlds offer a unique opportunity for detection with existing technology.”
What can methyl halides, which are gases that consist of one carbon and three hydrogen atoms while being attached to a halogen atom, help scientists identify life beyond Earth? This is what a recent study published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters hopes to address as an international team of researchers investigated how methyl halides on exoplanets known as “Hycean” worlds could indicate the presence of life as we know it, or even as we don’t know it. Hycean exoplanets possess liquid water oceans with a hydrogen atmosphere above them, potentially enabling appropriate surface temperatures and pressures for life to exist.
For the study, the researchers discussed the potential for using NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to observe large exoplanets orbiting red dwarf stars, which are smaller and cooler than our Sun. The researchers noted that recent observations of K2-18 b and TOI-270 d, which are designated as Super-Earth and Neptune-like exoplanets, respectively, while each orbiting red dwarf stars. Additionally, such exoplanets could be ideal targets for JWST to identify methyl halides in their atmospheres. The reason Hycean exoplanets are considered ideal targets is due to the difficulty of observing Earth-sized exoplanets orbiting brighter stars.
An excellent concise newsletter article by the legendary Ben Reinhardt on how to think about scaling new technologies, what kinds of bottlenecks can occur, and strategies for maximizing chances of success. #development #industry #biotech #tech
A particular failure mode that we’ve noticed among scientists and engineers doing ambitious technology research is ignoring the question “does this technology scale?” It’s a question that gets thrown around a lot by VCs and technology analysts, but people rarely unpack what that means and (I suspect) many of us don’t even know.
SAN JOSE, Calif., March 18, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — GTC — NVIDIA today unveiled NVIDIA Spectrum-X™ and NVIDIA Quantum-X silicon photonics networking switches, which enable AI factories to connect millions of GPUs across sites while drastically reducing energy consumption and operational costs. NVIDIA has achieved the fusion of electronic circuits and optical communications at massive scale.
As AI factories grow to unprecedented sizes, networks must evolve to keep pace. NVIDIA photonics switches are the world’s most advanced networking solution. They integrate optics innovations with 4x fewer lasers to deliver 3.5x more power efficiency, 63x greater signal integrity, 10x better network resiliency at scale and 1.3x faster deployment compared with traditional methods.
1. Introduction.
The natural production of EGF, a short polypeptide hormone, promotes the processes of proliferation, expansion, and division of cells [1]. For in vitro cell culture, EGF functions as a growth factor [2] and has an effective mitogenic effect on endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and most epithelial tissues. Its biological functions rely on associating itself with a specific cell membrane receptor [3]. Because EGF plays a crucial role as a mitogen in the proliferation of various cell types both in vivo and in vitro, it has been used in the therapeutic and cosmetic areas [4] to cover scars and reduce the appearance of aging skin [1]. Moreover, recombinant EGF is used topically for diabetic foot ulcers [5]. The structures and properties of proteins vary; favorable conditions are necessary for conformation, stability, and proper function. In contrast, a protein degrades, denatures, or precipitates when it is exposed to unfavorable conditions or when its natural environment changes suddenly. Recombinant human EGF is most frequently degraded by oxidation and deamidation [6]. These reactions typically have long-term implications. For protein solutions to remain stable and have a longer shelf life, excipients may need to be added, depending on how the protein is used in the experiment and other factors. When it comes to the chemical and physical degradation of proteins, the solution environment plays a crucial role in protein formulations. Of particular concern are buffer types, pH, and antioxidants [7]. Even though antioxidants assist in stability and solubility in liquid solutions, which help to preserve protein structure and function, they are frequently considered inactive ingredients in pharmaceutical compositions [8] [9].
Since an unstable protein solution can impact the product’s appearance, potency, purity, healing effects, and cell proliferation, in vitro protein stabilization is an essential practical consideration for the development of an effective EGF formulation. The stability of EGF in solution has been well documented in several in vivo solutions [10]. Though there have been numerous reports on EGF stability, none have specifically addressed treatment in cell culture conditions. Since it has a big influence on several aspects of the parenteral formulation creation process and EGF-based cell proliferation, the study of EGF stability in cell culture medium has gotten little attention. But since many of these in vitro tests are conducted in non-physiological settings, such as organic solvents or acidic solutions [11], they frequently fail to yield qualitatively positive results in cellular therapies.
Posted in genetics | Leave a Comment on Reprogramming to restore youthful epigenetics of senescent nucleus pulposus cells for mitigating intervertebral disc degeneration and alleviating low back pain
Ma, W., Wang, W., Zhao, L. et al. Bone Res 13, 35 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41413-025-00416-1
Cancer patients have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and VTE is the second most common cause of death among them. Anticoagulation plays a key role in the treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT). Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are effective and generally safe options for cancer-associated VTE. However, those patients have a 10–20% risk of VTE recurrence in spite of using anticoagulants. The main reasons for recurrent VTE (rVTE) can be non-compliance, inadequate dosing of anticoagulants, thrombocytopenia and malignancy progression. Despite the publication of major guidelines regarding the management of CAT, the treatment of patients with rVTE is undefined. Treatment options for rVTE include bridging to LMWH in cases of oral anticoagulants use, LMWH dose escalation, and sometimes considering inserting a vena cava filter.