NYU Langone performs the world’s first fully robotic double lung transplant, marking a breakthrough in minimally invasive surgical care.
MIT researchers developed an efficient approach for training more reliable reinforcement learning models, focusing on complex tasks that involve variability. This could enable the leverage of reinforcement learning across a wide range of applications.
We’ll break down the key points of the patents and make them as understandable as possible. This new patent is likely how Tesla will implement FSD on non-Tesla vehicles, Optimus, and other devices.
Decision Making
Imagine a neural network as a decision-making machine. But building one also requires making a series of decisions about its structure and data processing methods. Think of it like choosing the right ingredients and cooking techniques for a complex recipe. These choices, called “decision points,” play a crucial role in how well the neural network performs on a given hardware platform.
MIT physicists have taken a key step toward solving the puzzle of what leads electrons to split into fractions of themselves. Their solution sheds light on the conditions that give rise to exotic electronic states in graphene and other two-dimensional systems.
The new work is an effort to make sense of a discovery that was reported earlier this year by a different group of physicists at MIT, led by Assistant Professor Long Ju. Ju’s team found that electrons appear to exhibit “fractional charge” in pentalayer graphene — a configuration of five graphene layers that are stacked atop a similarly structured sheet of boron nitride.
Ju discovered that when he sent an electric current through the pentalayer structure, the electrons seemed to pass through as fractions of their total charge, even in the absence of a magnetic field. Scientists had already shown that electrons can split into fractions under a very strong magnetic field, in what is known as the fractional quantum Hall effect. Ju’s work was the first to find that this effect was possible in graphene without a magnetic field — which until recently was not expected to exhibit such an effect.
Researchers found that methamphetamine and PCP cause a phenomenon known as neurotransmitter switching, impairing memory. This change is reversible, pointing to potential treatments for drug-induced cognitive deficits and related neuropsychiatric conditions.
A fascinating new study published in Communications Biology has revealed a connection between the brain’s dynamic activity and states of consciousness.
Researchers have significantly accelerated ion movement using nanotechnology, potentially improving technologies from battery charging to biosensing.
This breakthrough at Washington State University and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory involves creating a nanochannel lined with molecules that attract ions, allowing them to move over ten times faster than before. This development could revolutionize energy storage and help detect environmental pollutants or neurological activities.
Breaking Speed Records With Nanoscience
Stem cells are special in the way they can keep on replicating, and turn themselves into many other types of cell. Now scientists have discovered how their superpowers get a remarkable boost when they’re grown in space.
The microgravity environment increases some of the regenerative capacities of stem cells even further, researchers from the Mayo Clinic in Florida have found, based on experiments carried out on the International Space Station (ISS).
As stem cells play such a crucial role in the body’s repair process, with their ability to quickly replicate and differentiate, these findings could help in the study of disease prevention and treatment.
Lykke Sylow, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, presents at the 11th Aging Research and Drug Discovery meeting: Preserving muscle mass for healthy aging: Old tricks and new targets.