Immune responses rely on the efficient movement of immune cells within the complex and geometrically unpredictable three-dimensional tissues that make up our bodies.
Research by the Sixt group at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) unveils how immune cells use their cytoskeleton to exert forces on their surrounding environment to push their way through tissues.
The findings were published in Nature Immunology.
Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are a specialized subgroup of immune cells that play a central role in the human immune system. These cells can suppress erroneous and therefore harmful immune reactions that can lead to autoimmune diseases, for example. Furthermore, they actively promote the regeneration of tissue after injuries and thus orchestrate the wound healing process.
To this end, Treg cells can release tissue-healing substances and support regenerative cells such as tissue stem cells. They therefore cooperate with both immune and non-immune cells during tissue healing. These diverse functions make Treg cells attractive candidates for therapeutic use, for example, to promote tissue function after acute or chronic inflammation.
To support wound healing processes in the body, Treg cells must develop into so-called tissue-Treg cells. This development process is still poorly understood, and a better understanding is necessary to be able to use Treg cells in the treatment of diseases.
What makes the human brain distinctive? A new study published in Cell identifies two genes linked to human brain features and provides a road map to discover many more. The research could lead to insights into the functioning and evolution of the human brain, as well as the roots of language disorders and autism.
In a world where families are limited to one child due to overpopulation, a set of identical septuplets must avoid being put to a long sleep by the government and dangerous infighting while investigating the disappearance of one of their own.
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IN A NUTSHELL 🌊 Scientists are studying Earth’s deep-sea hydrothermal vents as a model for potential life on Europa. 🔬 James Holden’s team uses lab simulations to understand how microbes survive in extreme conditions. 🚀 The Europa Clipper mission aims to explore Europa’s ice shell and subsurface ocean, searching for signs of life. 🌌 Discoveries
A robot trained on videos of surgeries performed a lengthy phase of a gallbladder removal without human help. The robot operated for the first time on a lifelike patient, and during the operation, responded to and learned from voice commands from the team—like a novice surgeon working with a mentor.
The robot performed unflappably across trials and with the expertise of a skilled human surgeon, even during unexpected scenarios typical in real-life medical emergencies.
The work, led by Johns Hopkins University researchers, is a transformative advancement in surgical robotics, where robots can perform with both mechanical precision and human-like adaptability and understanding.