Reminds me of robocop.
EngineAI’s PM01 humanoid robots patrol Shenzhen with police, shaking hands, responding to commands, and engaging crowds.
Although Navier–Stokes equations are the foundation of modern hydrodynamics, adapting them to quantum systems has so far been a major challenge. Researchers from the Faculty of Physics at the University of Warsaw, Maciej Łebek, M.Sc. and Miłosz Panfil, Ph.D., Prof., have shown that these equations can be generalized to quantum systems, specifically quantum liquids, in which the motion of particles is restricted to one dimension.
This discovery opens up new avenues for research into transport in one-dimensional quantum systems. The resulting paper, published in Physical Review Letters, was awarded an Editors’ Suggestion.
Liquids are among the basic states of matter and play a key role in nature and technology. The equations of hydrodynamics, known as the Navier–Stokes equations, describe their motion and interactions with the environment. Solutions to these equations allow us to predict the behavior of fluids under various conditions, from the ocean currents and the blood flow in blood vessels, to the dynamics of quark-gluon plasma on subatomic scales.
Two experiment collaborations, the g2p and EG4 collaborations, combined their complementary data on the proton’s inner structure to improve calculations of a phenomenon in atomic physics known as the hyperfine splitting of hydrogen. An atom of hydrogen is made up of an electron orbiting a proton.
The overall energy level of hydrogen depends on the spin orientation of the proton and electron. If one is up and one is down, the atom will be in its lowest energy state. But if the spins of these particles are the same, the energy level of the atom will increase by a small, or hyperfine, amount. These spin-born differences in the energy level of an atom are known as hyperfine splitting.
While it’s commonplace for many scientists to collaborate on nuclear physics experiments at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, it’s rarer for the lab’s individual experiments to collaborate with each other. But that’s exactly what g2p in Jefferson Lab’s Experimental Hall A and EG4 in Experimental Hall B did.
Researchers have developed a high-speed electro-optic switch that is energy-efficient, has low crosstalk and works across a broad bandwidth. Made using a scalable, chip-friendly process, this switch could enhance data capacity in optical networks and data centers by improving signal routing and switching.
Jinwei Su from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China will present this research at Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC), the global event for optical communications and networking, which will take place 30 March–3 April 2025 at the Moscone Center in San Francisco.
As artificial intelligence and cloud computing rapidly advance, the demand for high-capacity data exchange continues to rise. Optical switching, with its broad bandwidth and low latency, is emerging as one of the most promising solutions to address this challenge. To achieve nanosecond-scale optical switching, the researchers fabricated a 2×2 cascaded electro-optic switch by micro-transfer printing pre-etched thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) onto silicon nitride.
The Axion Longitudinal Plasma Haloscope (ALPHA) experiment reached a milestone on February 24 with the successful installation of a Bluefors helium dilution fridge at the site of the experiment in Wright Lab.
ALPHA will extend the search for a hypothetical dark matter candidate—a very low-mass particle called the axion—to a higher mass range than has been searched for previously.
Michael Jewell, associate research scientist in physics and a member of Yale’s Wright Lab is the ALPHA project technical coordinator. Jewell explained, “In order for ALPHA to achieve its physics goal, we need to limit any potential noise source. For us, the biggest source of noise is thermal noise from the experiment. So we operate the whole experiment in the coldest commercially available systems, which are helium dilution fridges that are able to cool down to ~10 millikelvin (mK).”
In a new study published in Physical Review D, Professor Ginestra Bianconi, Professor of Applied Mathematics at Queen Mary University of London, proposes a new framework that could revolutionize our understanding of gravity and its relationship with quantum mechanics.
The study, titled “Gravity from Entropy,” introduces a novel approach that derives gravity from quantum relative entropy, bridging the gap between two of the most fundamental yet seemingly incompatible theories in physics: quantum mechanics and Einstein’s general relativity.
One limitation of producing biofuel is that the alcohol created by fermentation is toxic to the microbes that produce it. Now scientists are closer to overcoming this obstacle.
Researchers from the University of Cincinnati and the U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory have achieved a breakthrough in understanding the vulnerability of microbes to the alcohols they produce during fermentation of plant biomass.
With the national lab’s neutron scattering and simulation equipment, the team analyzed fermentation of the biofuel butanol, an energy-packed alcohol that also can be used as a solvent or chemical feedstock.
A smartphone’s glow is often the first and last thing we see as we wake up in the morning and go to sleep at the end of the day. It is increasingly becoming an extension of our body that we struggle to part with. In a recent study in Computers in Human Behavior, scientists observed that staying away from smartphones can even change one’s brain chemistry.
The researchers recruited young adults for a 72-hour smartphone restriction diet where they were asked to limit smartphone use to essential tasks such as work, daily activities, and communication with their family or significant others.
During these three days, the researchers conducted psychological tests and did brain scans using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the effects of restricting phone usage. Brain scans showed significant activity shifts in reward and craving regions of the brain, resembling patterns seen in substance or alcohol addiction.
For the first time, researchers have identified that inflammation—long associated with multiple sclerosis (MS)—appears to cause increased mutations linked to MS progression.
MS is a progressive neurological disease that affects 33,000 Australians and three million people worldwide. About one-third of people living with MS have progressive disease, which current treatments do not address effectively.
The researchers studied MS brain lesions, visible as spots on MRI scans, which are areas of past or ongoing brain inflammation. They found neurons located in MS brain lesions have a mutation rate that is two-and-a-half times faster than in normal neurons.
Proteins in cells are highly flexible and often exist in multiple conformations, each with unique abilities to bind ligands. These conformations are regulated by the organism to control protein function. Currently, most studies on protein structure and activity are conducted using purified proteins in vitro, which cannot fully replicate the complexity of the intracellular environment and may be influenced by the purification process or buffer conditions.
In a study published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, a team led by Prof. Wang Fangjun from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), collaborating with Prof. Huang Guangming from the University of Science and Technology of China of CAS, developed a new method for in-cell characterization of proteins using vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation top-down mass spectrometry (UVPD-TDMS), providing an innovative technology for analyzing the heterogeneity of intracellular protein in situ with MS.
Researchers combined in-cell MS with 193-nm UVPD to directly analyze protein structures within cells. This method employed induced electrospray ionization, which ionizes intracellular proteins with minimal structural perturbation.