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A thin-film optogenetic visual prosthesis
Retinitis pigmentosa and macular degeneration lead to photoreceptor death and loss of visual perception. Despite recent progress, restorative technologies for photoreceptor degeneration remain largely unavailable. Here, we describe a novel optogenetic visual prosthesis (FlexLED) based on a combination of a thin-film retinal display and optogenetic activation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The FlexLED implant is a 30 ”m thin, flexible, wireless ”LED display with 8,192 pixels, each with an emission area of 66 ”m2. The display is affixed to the retinal surface, and the electronics package is mounted under the conjunctiva in the form factor of a conventional glaucoma drainage implant. In a rabbit model of photoreceptor degeneration, optical stimulation of the retina using the FlexLED elicits activity in visual cortex. This technology is readily scalable to hundreds of thousands of pixels, providing a route towards an implantable optogenetic visual prosthesis capable of generating vision by stimulating RGCs at near-cellular resolution.
### Competing Interest Statement.
All authors have a financial interest in Science Corporation.
Humanoid robots are joining the Mercedes-Benz workforce
đš TECH NEWS: The automaker will deploy Apptronikâs âApolloâ robot at a Mercedes factory in Hungary. Details:
German automaker Mercedes-Benz is deploying Apptronikâs Apollo robots at a manufacturing plant in Hungary.
Tesla finally releases Autopilot safety data after more than a year
Tesla has finally decided to release its Autopilot safety data report after taking a break of more than a year.
For years, Tesla used to release a âVehicle safety reportâ that tracked miles between accidents in its vehicles based on the level of Autopilot used or not used and compared it to the industry average.
The automaker used the report to claim that its Autopilot technology resulted in a much safer driving experience and that its vehicles would crash much less often than the average car in the US even without Autopilot.
Theory and experiment combine to shine a new light on proton spin
Nuclear physicists have long been working to reveal how the proton gets its spin. Now, a new method that combines experimental data with state-of-the-art calculations has revealed a more detailed picture of spin contributions from the very glue that holds protons together. It also paves the way toward imaging the protonâs 3D structure.
GPT-4 is able to buy stuff on Amazon, researchers say
Still, ChatGPT operates in a mostly siloed fashion. It canât yet venture out âinto the wildâ to execute online tasks. For example, if you wanted to buy a milk frother on Amazon for under $100, ChatGPT might be able to recommend a product or two, and even provide links, but it canât actually navigate Amazon and make the purchase.
Why? Besides obvious concerns, like letting a flawed AI model go on a shopping spree with your credit card, one challenge lies in training AI to successfully navigate graphical user interfaces (GUIs), like your laptop or smartphone screen.
But even the current version of GPT-4 seems to grasp the basic steps of online shopping. Thatâs the takeaway of a recent preprint paper in which AI researchers described how they successfully trained a GPT-4-based agent to âbuyâ products on Amazon. The agent, dubbed the MM-Navigator, did not actually purchase products, but it was able to analyze screenshots of an iOS smartphone screen and specify the appropriate action and where it should click, with impressive accuracy.
