What are the health implications between particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution and PM1 pollution, which are the diameter in microns? This is what a recent s | Earth And The Environment
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Single-cell transcriptomic and chromatin dynamics of the human brain in PTSD
A comprehensive analysis of the cell-specific molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying post-traumatic stress disorder in the human prefrontal cortex.
Most People Overestimate Their Moral Courage Under Pressure
A new study reveals that most people believe they would defy immoral orders from authority figures more than others would.
Catching excitons in motion—ultrafast dynamics in carbon nanotubes revealed by nano-infrared spectroscopy
A research team has successfully visualized the ultrafast dynamics of quasi-particles known as excitons, which are generated in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) upon light excitation.
How AI Models Are Helping to Understand — and Control — the Brain
For Martin Schrimpf, the promise of artificial intelligence is not in the tasks it can accomplish. It’s in what AI might reveal about human intelligence.
He is working to build a “digital twin” of the brain using artificial neural networks — AI models loosely inspired by how neurons communicate with one another.
That end goal sounds almost ludicrously grand, but his approach is straightforward. First, he and his colleagues test people on tasks related to language or vision. Then they compare the observed behavior or brain activity to results from AI models built to do the same things. Finally, they use the data to fine-tune their models to create increasingly humanlike AI.
Understanding how LLM learns to reason and how to improve reasoning
An intuitive guide to reasoning in LLM and simple inference time techniques to improve reasoning with code implementations
Palm-sized device detects disease markers in under 45 minutes without additional lab equipment
Scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have developed NAPTUNE (Nucleic Acids and Protein biomarkers Testing via Ultra-sensitive Nucleases Escalation), a point-of-care assay that identifies trace amounts of disease-related genetic material, including nucleic acid and protein markers, in less than 45 minutes. Importantly, it accomplished this without the need for laboratory equipment or complex procedures.
Lying at the heart of many modern diagnostics, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time immunoassays provide high accuracy. However, they are hindered by lengthy processing time, the need for specialized thermal cyclers and skilled personnel. These constraints hamper rapid outbreak management, early cancer screening and bedside decision-making, especially in low-resource settings.
NAPTUNE tackles these challenges by replacing bulky amplification steps with a tandem nuclease cascade that converts biological signals directly into readily detectable DNA fragments, streamlining the diagnostic process.
AI Reveals Key Predictors of Lifelong Brain Health
A new study used machine learning to pinpoint the lifestyle and health factors most strongly associated with cognitive performance across the lifespan.
AI ‘Reanimated’ a Murder Victim Back to Life to Speak in Court (And Raises Ethical Quandaries)
AI avatars of dead people are teaching courses and testifying in court. Even with the best of intentions, the emerging practice of AI ‘reanimations’ is an ethical quagmire.
By measuring gases around young stars, astronomers unlock major clues to planet formation
An international team of scientists led by astronomers from the University of Wisconsin–Madison has produced the most accurate measurement of the gases swirling around young stars and how their mass changes over time. The discovery joins many pieces of a puzzle that may reveal which kinds of planets form—rocky Earth-types, gas giants like Jupiter, or balls of ice in the Neptune mold—as star systems mature.