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A brief explanation of how superfluid dark matter can combine fluid dark matter and modified gravity.

For galaxy clusters and for the cosmic microwave background, dark matter matter is the better explanation. But to explain galactic rotation curves and other properties of galaxies, modified gravity is the better explanation.

Until now, physicists have taken an either-or approach. In this video I argue that the answer may be a combination of both. This idea may be realized through dark matter which forms a superfluid. In this case dark matter has two phases, a normally fluid phase and a superfluid phase. In the latter phase, it has no internal friction and appears like modified gravity.

Taken together, so I argue, this explains the existing data best.

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Could something in the future alter the past, so that effect came before cause? Does quantum mechanics truly allow this, as often hinted?

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Credits:
Retrocausality: Cause After Effect.
Episode 461a; August 25, 2024
Produced, Written \& Narrated by: Isaac Arthur.
Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images.
Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator

The graviton – a hypothetical particle that carries the force of gravity – has eluded detection for over a century. But now physicists have designed an experimental setup that could in theory detect these tiny quantum objects.

In the same way individual particles called photons are force carriers for the electromagnetic field, gravitational fields could theoretically have its own force-carrying particles called gravitons.

The problem is, they interact so weakly that they’ve never been detected, and some physicists believe they never will.