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To guarantee high data security, encryption must be unbreakable while the data remains rapidly and easily readable. A novel strategy for optical encryption/decryption of information has now been introduced in the journal Angewandte Chemie by a Chinese research team. It is based on compounds with carefully modulated luminescent properties that change in response to external stimuli.
The compounds are hybrid two-dimensional organic-inorganic metal-halide perovskites, whose structure consists of inorganic layers formed from lead and iodide ions (linked PbI6 octahedra) with organic cations arranged between them. They are easy to produce, inexpensive, and printable, while demonstrating interesting optoelectronic properties.
A team led by Shenlong Jiang, Qun Zhang, and Yi Luo at the University of Science and Technology of China (Hefei) worked with three perovskites with only slight variations in their cations (phenethylammonium lead iodide perovskite (PEA)2PbI4 and its fluoridated (2-F-PEA)2PbI4 and brominated (4-Br-PEA)2PbI4 derivatives).
CERN scientists are about to embark on transporting antimatter via truck later this year, after breakthrough first tests have shown it is possible, and safe, to do.
Scientists have uncovered a critical role for rapid DNA repair in maintaining genome stability. A new study reveals that repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) in nuclear DNA in plants serves as a powerful safeguard against the integration of foreign DNA from chloroplasts—a phenomenon that, while important for evolution, can be highly destabilizing to the genome. The research expands our knowledge about plant genome evolution and also has relevance to the medical field.
The findings, presented by Dr. Enrique Gonzalez-Duran and Prof. Dr. Ralph Bock from the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology in Nature Plants, shed new light on endosymbiotic gene transfer (EGT)—an ongoing evolutionary process in which genes from organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria are relocated into the nuclear genome.
While successful gene transfers help the nucleus to better coordinate its function with that of the organelles, they also pose risks: Mutations arising from DNA insertion can disrupt essential nuclear genes and provoke harmful rearrangements.
Researchers have identified how variations in a gene called TRIO can influence brain functions and result in distinct neurodevelopmental diseases. The study, published in the journal eLife, could pave the way for future therapeutic developments.
TRIO encodes a diverse group of proteins that control the function and structure of the cytoskeleton—a cell’s internal scaffolding. Rare damaging variants in this gene have been identified in individuals with intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and related disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying the associations aren’t yet understood.
“It’s really extraordinary that different variants in this single gene can have such dramatically different effects on brain development and function,” says Anthony Koleske, Ph.D., Ensign Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry at Yale School of Medicine (YSM) and the study’s senior author.
From river-clogging plants to disease-carrying insects, the direct economic cost of invasive species worldwide has averaged about $35 billion a year for decades, researchers said Monday.
Since 1960, damage from non-native plants and animals expanding into new territory has cost society more than $2.2 trillion, more than 16 times higher than previous estimates, they reported in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution.
The accelerating spread of invasive species —from mosquitoes to wild boar to tough-to-eradicate plants—blights agriculture, spreads disease and drives the growing pace of species extinction.
A team of physicists has embarked on a journey where few others have gone: into the glue that binds atomic nuclei. The resultant measurement, which was extracted from experimental data taken at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, is the first of its kind and will help physicists image particles called gluons.
The paper revealing the results is published and featured as an editor’s suggestion in Physical Review Letters.
Gluons mediate the strong force that “glues” together quarks, another type of subatomic particle, to form the protons and neutrons situated at the center of atoms of ordinary matter. While previous measurements have allowed researchers to learn about the distribution of gluons in solitary protons or neutrons, they know less about how gluons behave inside protons or neutrons bound in nuclei.
Researchers at the School of Engineering of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) have developed a novel elastic alloy called Ti78Nb22, which achieves remarkable efficiency for solid-state heat pumping and exhibits a reversible temperature change (ΔT) ability that is 20 times greater than that of conventional metals when stretched or compressed, offering a promising green alternative to traditional vapor-compression heating and cooling technologies.
A new tool has been developed to better assess the performance of AI models. It was developed by bioinformaticians at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and the Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS).
“DataSAIL” automatically sorts training and test data so that they differ as much as possible from each other, allowing for the evaluation of whether AI models work reliably with different data. The researchers have now presented their approach in the journal Nature Communications.
Machine learning models are trained with huge amounts of data and must be tested before practical use. For this, the data must first be divided into a larger training set and a smaller test set—the former is used for the model to learn, and the latter is used to check its reliability.