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It’s often said that we know more about the Moon than our own oceans. But what about the oceans of other moons?

Robotic-engineering company German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) has been working on the EurEx (Europa Explorer) project, which includes conceptual plans for a robotic system capable of exploring Europa’s icy subterranean oceans.

Europa, Jupiter’s sixth closest moon, is thought to be one of the more habitable pockets of our solar system, as it’s believed to have a salty liquid water ocean beneath its surface. The ocean is also shielded from radiation, making Europa a promising host for alien life.

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Calico, a company focused on aging research and therapeutics, today announced that Daphne Koller, Ph.D., is joining the company as Chief Computing Officer. In this newly created position, Dr. Koller will lead the company’s computational biology efforts. She will build a team focused on developing powerful computational and machine learning tools for analyzing biological and medical data sets. She and her team will work closely with the biological scientists at Calico to design experiments and construct data sets that could provide a deeper understanding into the science of longevity and support the development of new interventions to extend healthy lifespan.

Calico will try to use machine learning to understand the complex biological processes involved in aging.

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Visionary and sometimes controversial entrepreneur Elon Musk hinted at advances in next-generation brain hacking. Recent research results promise future “neural lace” technology that could enhance our brains and connect them to the cloud.

“Making progress,” said Musk in a tweet, in reply to a query about “neural lace” technologies for augmenting human intelligence.

“Maybe something to announce in a few months.”

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The key to the researcher’s discovery is in the use of adenosine. This naturally occurring molecule can be injected into bone tissue to coax human pluripotent stem cells (which are capable of becoming any type of cell in the body), to regenerate. In the experiment, this method helped fix cranial bone defects in mice, without causing infections or tumors.

Pluripotent cells can become any type of cell (muscle, heart, skin or bone) through differentiation; but prompting the process and directing stem cell differentiation is very complicated and can be very expensive. The method has also been known to cause the development of teratomas (tumors that contain multiple tissues taken from various organs upon transplantation.).

But, by simply adding adenosine to human pluripotent stem cells, the research team managed to effectively and safely direct stem cell differentiation. Right now, the team is focused on understanding how this single molecule is signaling bone formation.

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Russia and iran nuclear power plant partnership.


TEHRAN, Sept. 1 (Xinhua) — Iran and Russia have agreed to build two nuclear power plants in Iran’s southern city of Bushehr shortly, Press TV reported on Thursday.

“Operations to build two new nuclear power plants in Bushehr will start on Sept. 10,” Press TV quoted Ali Akbar Salehi, the head of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI), as saying.

Construction of the power plants, with an estimated cost of 10 billion U.S. dollars, will be completed in 10 years, Salehi said.