Engine test! đ„ đ At Stennis Space Center, weâre about to fire up the RS-25 engine for NASAâs Space Launch System rocket, which will power missions to the Moon and Mars. Tune in at https://go.nasa.gov/2Q9LmFc
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Neutralizing RNS May Improve Immunotherapy Outcomes
Neutralising reactive nitrogen species to make immunotherapy more effective.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame discovered that amino acid nitration can inhibit the activation of T cells employed in immunotherapy against cancer and that suppression of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) responsible for nitration can significantly boost the effectiveness of immunotherapy [1].
Abstract
Potent immunosuppressive mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment contribute to the resistance of aggressive human cancers to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. One of the main mechanisms for myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to induce T cell tolerance is through secretion of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which nitrates tyrosine residues in proteins involved in T cell function. However, so far very few nitrated proteins have been identified. Here, using a transgenic mouse model of prostate cancer and a syngeneic cell line model of lung cancer, we applied a nitroproteomic approach based on chemical derivation of 3-nitrotyrosine and identified that lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK), an initiating tyrosine kinase in the T cell receptor signaling cascade, is nitrated at Tyr394 by MDSCs. LCK nitration inhibits T cell activation, leading to reduced interleukin 2 (IL2) production and proliferation.




Has new ghost particle manifested at Large Hadron Collider?
âSomething terribly newâ goes bump in data yet to be confirmed by Atlas detector.

Europe shows first cards in âŹ1-billion quantum bet
The Quantum Flagship was first announced in 2016, and on 29 October, the commission announced the first batch of fund recipients. The 20 international consortia, each of which includes public research institutions as well as industry, will receive a total of âŹ132 million over 3 years for technology-demonstration projects.
One of the most ambitious EU âFlagshipâ schemes yet has picked 20 projects, aiming to turn weird physics into useful products.