IN A NUTSHELL 🌍 The Three Gorges Dam in China is the largest hydroelectric dam globally, symbolizing China’s engineering prowess. 🔍 NASA suggests that the dam’s massive water displacement might influence Earth’s rotation, affecting the planet’s natural balance. 💧 The dam’s reservoir, when full, could lengthen the day by 0.06 microseconds and alter Earth’s shape.
What if there were a fabric that, like Superman, could take a bullet and self-heal? Such a super-dynamic, action-powered polymer might actually help protect real-life flyers in space.
Material scientists at Texas A&M University have developed just such a polymer with a unique self-healing property never before seen at any scale. When struck by a projectile, this material stretches so much that when the projectile manages to pass through, it takes only a small amount of the polymer with it. As a result, the hole left behind is much smaller than the projectile itself.
However, for now, this effect has only been observed under extreme temperatures and at the nanoscale.
We have known for years that the gut microbiome can alter brain function, but now research in mice is suggesting that the opposite is also true – that the brain modifies gut bacteria
Macrophage adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) limits the development of experimental colitis. AMPK activation inhibits NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2 expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophages during inflammation, while increased NOX2 expression is reported in experimental models of colitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Although there are reductions in AMPK activity in IBD, it remains unclear whether targeted inhibition of NOX2 in the presence of defective AMPK can reduce the severity of colitis. Here, we investigate whether the inhibition of NOX2 ameliorates colitis in mice independent of AMPK activation. Our study identified that VAS2870 (a pan-Nox inhibitor) alleviated dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in macrophage-specific AMPKβ1-deficient (AMPKβ1LysM) mice.
Scientific realists hold that we are justified in believing that our best scientific theories are true. But what if those theories are inconsistent? This video examines the argument that realists are committed to believing that there are true contradictions.
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0:00 — Introduction.
Background and ObjectivesIn patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), the impact of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after endovascular treatment (EVT) on poorer stroke outcome is well established when associated with clinical deterioration. However, the…
Researchers have developed innovative AI algorithms to improve the design and efficiency of radiation shielding for next-gen nuclear reactors.
Just a few weeks after conception, stem cells are already orchestrating the future structure of the human brain. A new Yale-led study shows that, early in development, molecular “traffic cops” known as morphogens regulate the activation of gene programs that initiate stem cells’ differentiation into more specialized brain cells.
The Yale team found that sensitivity to these signaling morphogens can vary not only between stem cells from different donors, but between stem cells derived from the same individual.
“This is a new chapter in understanding how we develop and how development can be influenced by genomic changes between people and by epigenetic modifications within individuals,” said Flora Vaccarino, the Harris Professor in the Child Study Center at the Yale School of Medicine (YSM) and co-senior author of the research, published in the journal Cell Stem Cell.
When a fruit fly is navigating straight forward at high speed, why does it know that it’s not straying off course? Because as long as the fly moves directly forward, the visual scene shifts from front to back in a near-perfect mirror image across both retinas—generating, in other words, a symmetrical visual motion pattern. This pattern, known as “optic flow,” provides a powerful cue for detecting self-motion and maintaining direction.
Moreover, at high speeds, as soon as the fly starts deviating from its straight-ahead course even slightly, the optic flow becomes less symmetrical. But the high level of translational symmetry due to the fly’s high-speed forward motion could mask smaller binocular asymmetries caused by slight rotational inflections in its trajectory.
Therefore, detecting such “errors” and correcting them at the motor level is not trivial and must happen very quickly. Only then will the fly ensure it continues to move straight forward, as intended.
Caffeine shifts brain activity during sleep by increasing EEG complexity and reducing long-range temporal correlations, particularly in non-REM (NREM) sleep. These changes reflect a movement toward a “critical regime” of neural processing, more pronounced in younger adults.
