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In the Patagonia region of southern Chile, there are “living rocks.”

While that’s what the locals say, Veronica Godoy-Carter, associate professor of biology and biochemistry at Northeastern University, says it’s a little more complicated than that.

“They’re actually little mountains,” she says, of “giant biofilms that are billions of years old. Literally billions.”

If civilizations can endure for eons and people can live indefinitely, what drives progress, ambition, and purpose in a world where time has no limit? Would an ageless society be a utopia of infinite wisdom, or a stagnating empire struggling to keep ambition alive across the centuries?

Watch my exclusive video The End of Science https://nebula.tv/videos/isaacarthur–… Nebula using my link for 40% off an annual subscription: https://go.nebula.tv/isaacarthur Get a Lifetime Membership to Nebula for only $300: https://go.nebula.tv/lifetime?ref=isa… Use the link gift.nebula.tv/isaacarthur to give a year of Nebula to a friend for just $30. Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net Join Nebula: https://go.nebula.tv/isaacarthur Support us on Patreon: / isaacarthur Support us on Subscribestar: https://www.subscribestar.com/isaac-a… Facebook Group: / 1,583,992,725,237,264 Reddit: / isaacarthur Twitter: / isaac_a_arthur on Twitter and RT our future content. SFIA Discord Server: / discord Credits: Methuselah Civilizations: A Society of the Ageless Episode 489; March 6, 2025 Written, Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur Edited by: Ludwig Luska Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator Chris Zabriskie, “Unfoldment, Revealment”, “A New Day in a New Sector”, “Oxygen Garden”, “Wonder Cycle” Stellardrone, “Red Giant”, “Billions and Billions“
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Credits:
Methuselah Civilizations: A Society of the Ageless.
Episode 489; March 6, 2025
Written, Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur.
Edited by: Ludwig Luska.
Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images.
Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator.
Chris Zabriskie, \

Experts say the creature looks just like a floating buttocks.

Deep beneath the ocean’s surface, in the Midnight Zone where no sunlight reaches, scientists have discovered a peculiar creature.

Known as the pigbutt worm, Chaetopterus pugaporcinus was first spotted in 2001 off the coast of California. This translucent, marble-sized blob immediately baffled researchers.

Its rounded shape and distinctive lobes earned it the humorous nickname, as it amusingly resembles a pig’s behind. Marine biologists have since identified it as a type of bristle worm, though its exact life stage—whether adult or larval—remains uncertain. Unlike most of its relatives, which burrow into the seafloor, this worm floats freely in the water column, showcasing an unusual adaptation known as neoteny, where juvenile traits persist into adulthood.

Beyond its quirky appearance, the pigbutt worm possesses remarkable survival skills. Scientists have observed it generating mucus nets to trap marine snow and organic debris for sustenance. Even more astonishingly, it glows in the dark—flashing blue bioluminescence when disturbed, while its mucus net sometimes emits green light, likely as a defense mechanism against predators.

Decades after its discovery, this deep-sea enigma continues to fascinate researchers, serving as a reminder of the vast, unexplored wonders of the ocean. As marine biologist Rebecca Helm puts it, studying the deep sea feels like planetary exploration—proof that some of Earth’s most alien creatures are right here in our own waters.

Learn more.

NETL helped scientists at Montana State University evaluate microscopic cementing agents developed by the University that can more effectively penetrate microfractures to improve underground storage of carbon dioxide (CO2), enhance gas well efficiency and seal fluid pathways in shales fractured for natural gas recovery.

The research targeted use of a process called ureolysis-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (UICP), which produces a biomineral solution that can reduce undesired fluid flow. This could enable the more effective restimulation of previously hydraulically fractured shale formations and reduce flow through fractured rocks above storage formations.

The collaborative project involved researchers at Montana State, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and NETL and was supported by EPSCoR, a National Science Foundation program that improves research competitiveness of targeted jurisdictions and a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) program that supports Ph.D. thesis research.