Does someone look angry or sad? You can probably offer an answer to that question based on the information you can see just by looking at their face. That’s because facial expressions—or a combination of different small facial movements—can be read by other humans to help understand what a person might be feeling at that exact moment.

Since Darwin’s seminal work on the evolutionary origins of facial expressions of emotion, scientists have been trying to find out which specific combinations of facial movements best represent our six basic emotions: happy, surprise, fear, disgust, anger and sadness. So far, researchers have offered a range of theories—or models—to define which facial movements best match each emotion, but until now no one has been able to show which one is most accurate.

Now, a new study by a team of European researchers led by the University of Glasgow and University of Amsterdam has begun to answer that question. The new study, which is published in Science Advances, shows that even the best models for predicting emotions from facial expressions fall short of the judgment of real human participants. Moreover, different humans themselves may read different emotions from the same facial expression, making it even harder to pinpoint exactly which facial movements are systematically linked with certain emotions.

In 2021, the fusion yield of 1.35 MJ was produced at NIF by using indirect drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF), indicating that indirect drive ICF has reached ignition. However, the driving radiation flux on capsule inside Hohlraums is still a puzzle in indirect drive ICF studies. The energy deficit at NIF is still neither well understood nor solved. In this paper, we proposed a scheme to determine the driving radiation flux on the capsule by using the combination of the shock wave technique and the reemitted radiation flux measurement. In this scheme, a witness sample is placed in the Hohlraum center as the surrogate of the capsule. The shock velocity in the witness sample is measured by a streaked optical pyrometer from one side, and the temporal reemitted radiation flux is measured by a space-resolved flat response x-ray detector. Then, the peak of the radiation flux is determined by the shock velocity, and the time behavior of the radiation flux is determined by the reemitted flux through the numerical simulation of radiation hydrodynamic code. The rules for designing the witness sample and an example of applying this scheme to determine the driving radiation flux on capsule inside the octahedral spherical Hohlraum are presented in detail.

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AUSTIN (KXAN) — A newly confirmed layer of the Earth could give scientists a better understanding of plate tectonics and could help them better predict earthquakes, according to research published by the University of Texas.

The work, published in the scientific journal Nature Geosciences, was led by Junlin Hua, a post-doctoral student at UT Austin. Hua began his research while attending Brown University.

“Earthquakes (are) directly the cause of plate tectonics,” Hua said. Plate tectonics is the movement of the plates that make up the Earth’s crust. “It’s just kind of like a boat, like traveling on water.”

The tech giant — which laid off 11,000 people in November and promised that 2023 is to be a “year of efficiency” — is gearing up for a new round of layoffs that might be wreaking havoc with some of the teams’ productivity, the Financial Times reported on Saturday, citing two employees familiar with the situation.

There’s been a lack of clarity about some budgets — which would typically get finalized by the end of the year — and future head count in recent weeks. Hence, projects and decisions that typically take days to sign off are taking up to a month, the Meta staffers told the FT.

That has caused some staff to do “zero work” because managers have not been able to plan their schedules.