Dr. Marianne Holm, MD, Ph.D. is Vice President of the Infectious Diseases Program area, at the Novo Nordisk Foundation ( https://novonordiskfonden.dk/en/ ) w…
Dr. Marianne Holm, MD, Ph.D. is Vice President of the Infectious Diseases Program area, at the Novo Nordisk Foundation ( https://novonordiskfonden.dk/en/ ) w…
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Anthropic’s new techniques come at a time of increasing concern about AI transparency and safety. Understanding the model’s internal mechanisms becomes increasingly important.
The quantum computing landscape has witnessed a revolutionary breakthrough from China. Researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei have developed a quantum processor that claims to be 1 quadrillion times faster than the world’s most powerful supercomputers. This technological marvel, named Zuchongzhi 3.0, represents a significant leap in quantum computing capabilities and establishes China as a formidable player in the quantum race.
The Zuchongzhi 3.0 processor boasts an impressive 105 qubits, the fundamental units of quantum computing. This represents a substantial upgrade from its predecessor, which contained only 66 qubits. The new processor utilizes transmon qubits, which are specifically designed to minimize sensitivity to external disturbances, thereby enhancing computational stability.
In benchmark tests published in Physical Review Letters on March 3, 2025, the Chinese quantum processor demonstrated performance that was approximately 1 million times faster than Google’s Sycamore chip on specific sampling tasks. This extraordinary speed differential highlights the exponential advantage that quantum processors hold over conventional computing systems for certain operations.
Physicists have spotted a difference in the way matter and antimatter baryons decay, which could help to explain a major cosmic mystery.
The European physics laboratory CERN is planning to build a mega collider by 2070. Critics say the plan could lead to ruin
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Posted in evolution, space | Leave a Comment on Klein bottle
Suppose for clarification that we adopt time as that fourth dimension. Consider how the figure could be constructed in xyzt-space. The accompanying illustration (“Time evolution…”) shows one useful evolution of the figure. At t = 0 the wall sprouts from a bud somewhere near the “intersection” point. After the figure has grown for a while, the earliest section of the wall begins to recede, disappearing like the Cheshire Cat but leaving its ever-expanding smile behind. By the time the growth front gets to where the bud had been, there is nothing there to intersect and the growth completes without piercing existing structure. The 4-figure as defined cannot exist in 3-space but is easily understood in 4-space. [ 4 ]
More formally, the Klein bottle is the quotient space described as the square [0,1] × [0,1] with sides identified by the relations (0, y) ~ (1, y) for 0 ≤ y ≤ 1 and (x, 0) ~ (1 − x, 1) for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.
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They found that increased Hh signaling is a hallmark of human meibomian gland carcinoma, a rare and aggressive cancer of the eyelid. Furthermore, the team discovered that aged glands show decreased Hh signaling and decreased epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, as well as impaired innervation and a loss of collagen in niche fibroblasts, suggesting that changes in both glandular epithelial cells and their surrounding microenvironment contribute to age-related degeneration.
These discoveries suggest that targeting Hh and EGFR signaling to stimulate stem cell activity in the meibomian glands could be a potential therapeutic option to treat evaporative dry eye disease.
A team of researchers has identified stem cell populations and mechanisms underlying age-related degeneration in glands that are vital to eye function. The findings, published in Nature Communications, may lead to new therapeutic approaches for evaporative dry eye disease, a common condition in older people.
Meibomian glands, tiny oil glands along the edges of the eyelids, secrete lipid-rich meibum to prevent tear evaporation and protect the eye surface. Aging-related shrinkage of the meibomian glands may result, in part, from stem cell exhaustion and is associated with evaporative dry eye disease, a common condition that causes swollen eyelids, itchy eyes, or blurred vision. Symptoms may be lessened with warm compressions, artificial tears, and thermal pulsation, but these treatments are only partially effective.
The researchers identified markers for stem cell populations that maintain distinct regions of the meibomian glands, and uncovered the hedgehog (Hh) cell-cell signaling pathway, which is broadly important in development and disease, as a key regulator of meibomian gland stem cell proliferation and tissue regeneration.