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Nov 30, 2024

Wireless ultrasonic knife glides through most things like butter

Posted by in categories: employment, mobile phones

From a handheld soldering gun to the ‘playbird mansion’ and, of course, the marvel of a smartphone microscope, there are some gadgets that we come across that we instantly want – and this wireless ultrasonic cutter is definitely another.

And much like the soldering gun, this little jigger has such a broad range of applications that, while it’s aimed at the do-it-yourself maker and crafter, its appeal is certainly not limited to this.

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Nov 30, 2024

Researchers May Have Solved a Decades-Old Brain Paradox With AI

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, information science, robotics/AI

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory scientists developed an AI algorithm inspired by the genome’s efficiency, achieving remarkable data compression and task performance.

In a sense, each of us begins life ready for action. Many animals perform amazing feats soon after they’re born. Spiders spin webs. Whales swim. But where do these innate abilities come from? Obviously, the brain plays a key role as it contains the trillions of neural connections needed to control complex behaviors.

However, the genome has space for only a small fraction of that information. This paradox has stumped scientists for decades. Now, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) Professors Anthony Zador and Alexei Koulakov have devised a potential solution using artificial intelligence.

Nov 30, 2024

Landmark space mission set to create artificial solar eclipses using satellites

Posted by in category: satellites

Two satellites in Proba-3 mission expected to be launched on Wednesday in India and will work in tandem to study sun’s corona.

Nov 30, 2024

Can Models of Human Consciousness Enhance AI Capabilities?

Posted by in categories: information science, neuroscience, robotics/AI

Some researchers propose that advancing AI to the next level will require an internal architecture that more closely mirrors the human mind. Rufin VanRullen joins Brian Greene to discuss early results from one such approach, based on the Global Workspace Theory of consciousness.

This program is part of the Big Ideas series, supported by the John Templeton Foundation.

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Nov 30, 2024

Modified ribosomes could be a new possible mechanism of antibiotic resistance

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

A recent study from the Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) in Barcelona reveals that bacteria can adapt their ribosomes when exposed to widely used antibiotics, potentially playing a role in the development of antibiotic resistance. These small changes can modify the drug-binding sites on ribosomes, reducing the effectiveness of antibiotics.

The research focused on Escherichia coli (E. coli), a usually harmless bacterium that can lead to serious infections. The team exposed E. coli to two antibiotics, streptomycin and kasugamycin.

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Nov 30, 2024

Brains grew faster as humans evolved

Posted by in categories: evolution, neuroscience

A new study by the University of Reading on human brain evolution has found that modern humans, Neanderthals, and other recent relatives evolved larger brains much more rapidly than earlier species. This challenges previous ideas, suggesting that brain size increased gradually within each ancient human species, rather than through sudden leaps between species.

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Nov 30, 2024

Why Anthropic’s Model Context Protocol Is A Big Step In The Evolution Of AI Agents

Posted by in category: robotics/AI

Anthropic, a leading AI model provider, has proposed a protocol and architecture for providing language models with the necessary context obtained from external systems.

Nov 30, 2024

World’s youngest patient receives groundbreaking gene therapy in Cincinnati

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, media & arts

Nov 30, 2024

New hybrid catalyst developed for clean oxygen production

Posted by in categories: chemistry, energy, sustainability

A research team at the Institute of Materials Chemistry at TU Wien, led by Professor Dominik Eder, has developed a new synthetic approach to create durable, conductive and catalytically active hybrid framework materials for (photo)electrocatalytic water splitting. The study is published in Nature Communications.

The development of technologies for sustainable energy carriers, such as hydrogen, is essential. A promising way to produce hydrogen (H2) is from splitting water into H2 and oxygen (O2), either electrochemically or using light, or both—a path that the team follows. However, this process requires a catalyst that accelerates the reaction without being consumed. Key criteria for a catalyst include a large surface area for the adsorption and splitting of water molecules, and durability for .

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), a class of hybrid organic/inorganic materials with molecular interfaces and numerous pores, offer record surface areas and ample adsorption sites for water as catalysts. They consist of single metal ions, such as cobalt ions, which are connected by specific organic molecules, called ligands, through what is called coordination bonds. Conventional ZIFs only contain a single type of organic ligand.

Nov 30, 2024

Ryugu asteroid samples indicate damage from microscopic meteoroid bombardment

Posted by in categories: particle physics, space

Asteroids are remnants of the formation of our solar system, and while many can be found within the asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, some cannot. One such object is asteroid (162173) Ryugu, a 1 km-wide near-Earth asteroid believed to have originated in the asteroid belt. However, it has since moved to cross Earth’s orbit, located 300 million km from our planet.

The asteroid is constantly bombarded by debris in space and new research, published in The Astrophysical Journal, has suggested that even can have damaging effects.

Japan’s Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) launched the Hayabusa2 spacecraft to conduct and sample collection on the asteroid in 2018 and 2019. Laboratory work on these samples identified a distinct pattern of dehydration of phyllosilicates (sheet-like silicate minerals, such as magnesium-rich serpentine and saponite), whereby the bonds between the included oxygen and hydrogen atoms are broken.

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