Lifeboat Foundation

AMOLF researchers discovered that stem cells first specialize into a functional cell and then move to their proper location—rather than the other way around.

Researchers at AMOLF, Amsterdam, and the Hubrecht institute, Utrecht, revealed a new model to show how stem cells specialize into functional cells. They found that their position in the organ is not as important as current models claim. Rather, stem cells choose their identity first and only then move to their appropriate position.

These discoveries were made using intestinal organoids and the new TypeTracker technique, which can now be used to understand other organs at the cellular level and the effects of mutations and medications. The findings were published on August 18 in the journal Science Advances.

As OpenAI and Google battle for artificial intelligence supremacy in the West, a parallel contest is happening in China.

Dozens of young Chinese startups as well as local tech giants Alibaba, Tencent and Baidu are developing machine-learning models to power chatbots similar to OpenAI’s ChatGPT. Five Chinese startups, including MiniMax and LangBoat, stand out from the startup pack when it comes to funding they’ve raised and their founders’ experience in the AI field.

The research, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, used a genetic approach to fix deafness in mice with a defective Spns2 gene, restoring their hearing abilities in low and middle frequency ranges. Researchers say this proof-of-concept study suggests that hearing impairment resulting from reduced gene activity may be reversible.

Over half of adults in their 70s experience significant hearing loss. Impaired hearing is associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing depression and cognitive decline, as well as being a major predictor of dementia. While hearing aids and cochlear implants may be useful, they do not restore normal hearing function, and neither do they halt disease progression in the ear. There is a significant unmet need for medical approaches that slow down or reverse hearing loss.

New research from the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN) at King’s College London has successfully reversed hearing loss in mice.

Continue reading “Researchers reverse hearing loss in mice” »

SpaceX has installed a new heat shield and ‘vented interstage’ on its latest Starship Super Heavy booster, which is being prepped for flight in the near future.

That is good news for travellers, bad news for soulful connection.

For nearly 40 years, materials called ‘strange metals’ have flummoxed quantum physicists, defying explanation by operating outside the normal rules of electricity.

Now research led by Aavishkar Patel of the Flatiron Institute’s Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ) in New York City has identified, at long last, a mechanism that explains the characteristic properties of strange metals.

In the August 18 issue of Science, Patel and his colleagues present their universal theory of why strange metals are so weird—a solution to one of the greatest unsolved problems in condensed matter physics.

A “demon” particle that has been haunting physicists for nearly 70 years has been found in an experiment by American researchers.

It is not a particle in the traditional sense like a proton or electron. It is a “composite” particle made up of a combination of electrons, in a solid.

In 1956, theoretical physicist David Pines predicted that electrons in a solid could do something strange. Electrons have both mass and charge. But Pines asserted that combinations of electrons in a solid could form a composite particle that is massless, has no charge and does not interact with light.

Wave-based analog computing has recently emerged as a promising computing paradigm due to its potential for high computational efficiency and minimal crosstalk. Although low-frequency acoustic analog computing systems exist, their bulky size makes it difficult to integrate them into chips that are compatible with complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS). This research paper addresses this issue by introducing a compact analog computing system (ACS) that leverages the interactions between ultrasonic waves and metasurfaces to solve ordinary and partial differential equations. The results of our wave propagation simulations, conducted using MATLAB, demonstrate the high accuracy of the ACS in solving such differential equations. Our proposed device has the potential to enhance the prospects of wave-based analog computing systems as the supercomputers of tomorrow.

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