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We’ve misunderstood the physics of our universe | Sabine Hossenfelder, Ivette Fuentes, James Ladyman

Sabine Hossenfelder, Ivette Fuentes and James Ladyman discuss the scaling laws of the universe and the fundamental nature of reality.

Is the universe one thing, or many things?

With a free trial, you can watch the full debate NOW at https://iai.tv/video/the-one-and-the–… central question in ancient Greek philosophy was the problem of the One and the Many. It is a question that has echoed across Western culture and is still with us today. Should we see the world as a coherent whole or a multitude of separate parts? The puzzle is that we need both the whole and the parts, but an explanation of the relationship between them has proved problematic and perhaps unknowable. In contemporary physics, the parts are the teeming world of particle physics, and these should make up the cosmological world of the universe as a whole and the overall framework of Einsteinian space-time. But as yet we have not been able to combine the two coherently. Is looking at the universe from the small scale and the large always going to be incompatible? Does it mean a theory of everything is an illusion and the attempt to combine quantum mechanics and Einstein’s general relativity a forlorn project? Or is the parallel with the ancient Greek puzzle accidental and the current challenge one that might be overcome? #quantumphysics #universe #philosophy #fundamentalunits #theoryofeverything Sabine Hossenfelder is a theoretical physicist and acclaimed science communicator, known for her sharp critiques of the scientific mainstream. She is also a best-selling author and YouTuber. Ivette Fuentes is a theoretical quantum physicist at the University of Southampton and Emmy Fellow at the University of Oxford. James Ladyman is a philosopher of science at the University of Bristol. He is best known for his book Every Thing Must Go, calling for a metaphysics grounded in physics and complexity science. Hosted by Jack Symes. 00:40 James Ladyman on the different notions of scale 02:39 Sabine Hossenfelder on energy in the universe 05:19 Ivette Fuentes on unifying quantum mechanics and general relativity 09:00 Is the universe “One” or “Many”? 17:15 Particles are not fundamental The Institute of Art and Ideas features videos and articles from cutting edge thinkers discussing the ideas that are shaping the world, from metaphysics to string theory, technology to democracy, aesthetics to genetics. Subscribe today! https://iai.tv/subscribe?utm_source=Y… For debates and talks: https://iai.tv For articles: https://iai.tv/articles For courses: https://iai.tv/iai-academy/courses.

A central question in ancient Greek philosophy was the problem of the One and the Many. It is a question that has echoed across Western culture and is still with us today. Should we see the world as a coherent whole or a multitude of separate parts? The puzzle is that we need both the whole and the parts, but an explanation of the relationship between them has proved problematic and perhaps unknowable. In contemporary physics, the parts are the teeming world of particle physics, and these should make up the cosmological world of the universe as a whole and the overall framework of Einsteinian space-time. But as yet we have not been able to combine the two coherently.

Is looking at the universe from the small scale and the large always going to be incompatible? Does it mean a theory of everything is an illusion and the attempt to combine quantum mechanics and Einstein’s general relativity a forlorn project? Or is the parallel with the ancient Greek puzzle accidental and the current challenge one that might be overcome?

#quantumphysics #universe #philosophy #fundamentalunits #theoryofeverything.

Coding Agents Build Chess Engines From Scratch in Rust, C++, COBOL, Rocq, LaTeX, Brainfuck, and More

What happens when you ask coding agents to write a chess engine from scratch, with minimal guidance and you replicate the experiment across 12 programming languages: Rust? C++? COBOL?! Rocq!? LaTeX!!?? or even Brainfuck??!! Over the past weeks, I have been running exactly this experiment. The short take-away: coding agents can now generate functional, UCI-compliant chess engines from scratch across a wide range of languages, some reaching over 2000 Elo. To my knowledge, this is the first time coding agents have been shown to produce non-trivial, end-to-end software of this complexity (with no architecture document, no step-by-step guidance) and across languages as diverse as Rust, COBOL, and LaTeX. I couldn’t find prior art for a full playing engine in LaTeX, Brainfuck, or Rocq (formerly Coq; renamed with Rocq 9.0), yet coding agents produced playable engines in all three. This is a research preview but the diversity of features, architectures, and performance is striking and raises many questions about coding agents’ capabilities and programming languages.

The experiment is simple in principle. Take two AI coding agents (Claude Code (Claude Opus 4.6) and Codex CLI (GPT-5.2-Codex, reasoning effort xhigh)) and ask each to write a chess engine from scratch: I want to build a chess engine in X programming language… at the end, I want to test this chess engine and assess its Elo rating, typically by playing games against chess engines of “similar” levels. No detailed specifications, no step-by-step plan, no architecture document.

I had to answer some questions throughout sessions, but tried to be as non-technical as possible, letting the coding agents follow their own roadmaps through trial and error. I may “push” coding agents to improve their chess engine, but in a very agnostic way like “please improve the engine’s strength”

Potential Risks of Blocking GDF15‐Based Brain Energy Sensing

GDF15 signals energetic stress to the brain, leading to unpleasant symptoms as the body conserves and reallocates energy. In conditions such as frailty and cancer, suppression of GDF15 signaling is expected to lead to an improvement in symptoms, but potentially at the cost of long-term health and survival.

MRAP2 potentiates GPCR signaling by conserved mechanisms that are disrupted by obesity-associated genetic variants

Jamaluddin et al. investigated how the MRAP2 accessory protein enhances signaling by three appetite-regulating GPCRs. MRAP2 disrupts GPCR oligomerization to form interactions, and its cytoplasmic region is essential for signaling. MRAP2 variants modulate receptor constitutive activity, enhance internalization, and reduce signaling, contributing to weight gain and hyperglycemia observed in humans.

Dune Messiah Meaning: The Warning We Keep Ignoring

Too many people misread Dune.

They walked out of Part One and Part Two inspired. Ready to cheer for Paul Atreides. Ready to root for the underdog against the empire.

They saw exactly what Frank Herbert was afraid they would see.

Dune is not about resilience. It is not a hero’s journey. It is not an invitation to find your inner messiah.

According to Herbert himself, Dune is a warning against charismatic leadership — not an example of it.

The liberation movement becomes the next oppressor. The just cause fuses with a messiah myth and stops being just. And the sequels go to places most audiences never expected — and most film fans have never encountered.

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